Germanium clusters

Reduction of bulky organohalogermylenes leads to the formation of pentametallic germanium clusters 149 and 150 (Equations (260) and (261), respectively).322 The structure of 149 is shown in Figure 8, and selected structural data are collected in Table 32. The five germanium atoms are held together by six two-center, two-electron bonds, and a lone pair resides on the unsubstituted Ge(5) atom. 

Scheme 2.5-1. Synthetic routes to the silicon or germanium clusters 1 si and lcei some reactions of 1 si [16a, 16b],...

Salt elimination reactions proved to be very effective for the synthesis of closo-heteroborates with the heavy elements of this group. Todd and co-workers prepared for the first time the lead, tin and germanium cluster dianions [EBnHn]2 as shown in Scheme 3.3-5 [17]. 

To understand the unusual structures found in bare post-transition element clusters and underlying reasons for differences in the structures between analogous boranes and post-transition element clusters, we carried out extensive density functional theory (DFT) studies of bare germanium clusters during the past decade [18-20, 69-72]. In three cases (Fig. 5), these studies predict lowest energy structures for Ge clusters that are different from the well-established structures of the isovalent boranes and carboranes C2B 2H . Thus, the lowest energy... 

Ugrinov A, Sevov SC (2003) [Geg=Geg=Geg=Geg] a linear tetramer of nine-atom germanium clusters, a nanorod. Inorg Chem 42 5789... 

There are a sufficiently large number of complexes, mainly of germanium, containing more than one type of transition metal, to warrant a separate discussion some examples have already been mentioned (viz. 38 and 57). Mackay and Nicholson (89,91) have described the reaction between [Fe2-(CO)8(//-GeH2)2] and [Co2(CO)8], which affords the mixed cobalt-iron clusters [Fe2(CO)8 /i-Ge(Co2(CO)7) 2], 82, and [Fe2(CO)7 /i-Ge(Co2-(CO)7) 2], 83, the latter having been characterized by X-ray diffraction. This is isoelectronic with the iron-germanium cluster, 63, and both adopt very similar structures. 

Many clusters containing four transition metal atoms have also been isolated, in addition to 110, which has already been described. Whitmire has reported the reaction between SbCl3 and [Et4N]2[Fe4(CO)13], which affords the cluster [Fe3(CO)9(/i-CO) jt3-SbFe(CO)4 ] (114) (115), which contains an iron triangle capped by a SbFe(CO)4 fragment. Cluster 114 is isoelec-tronic with the dianionic iron-germanium cluster 60, although the two... 

Anion photoelectron spectra of small germanium clusters (n = 2 -15) have been nsed to determine electronic properties and the most stable geometric configuration for Ge anions. ... 

Germanium clusters/com-plexes 24.3.1 Germanium clusters/complexes Table 24.3.1 BDEs in Germanium Clusters/Complexes ... 

Hunter J M, Fye J L, Jarrold M F and Bower J E 1994 Structural transitions in size-selected germanium cluster ions Phys. Rev. Lett. 73 2063... 

Z.-E. Lin and G.-Y. Yang (2010) Eur. J. Inorg. Chem., p. 2895 - Germanate frameworks constructed from oxo germanium cluster building units . 

Bulusu, S., Yoo, S., 8c Zeng, X. C. (2005). Search for global minimum geometries for medium sized germanium clusters Gen-Geio-Journal of Chemical Physics, 122,164305. 

Ma, S., 8c Wang. G. (2006). Structures of medium size germanium clusters. Journal of Molecular Structure (THEOCHEM), 767, 75. 

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