German measles vaccine

Rubella vaccine (German measles vaccine, live. Meruvax II, Merck) is a live, attenuated ruhella virus produced in human diploid cell culture. The antigen form of the vaccine is whole virus. The antigen type is protein. The vaccine i.s administered as part of the normal immunization schedule at 15 month.s. Side effects arc minimal, but there may be some soreness and pain at the site of injection and. stiffness of the joints. 

The word vaccination comes from vaccinia, the name of the virus now known to cause cowpox vaca is the Latin word for cow ). The term vaccination is now broadly used to describe the process of causing a mild disease in order to protect a person from a more dangerous disease. Vaccination is one form of immunization, exposing the body to a material to stimulate a protective response from the immune system. Vaccination is routinely used to prevent many illnesses, including measles, rnmnps, German measles (rubella), chicken pox, and polio. Many of these illnesses have disappeared or become very rare in developed countries that provide widespread vaccinations. Smallpox has been eradicated worldwide, thanks to... 

Rubella vaccines Live attenuated strain of rubella virus Active immunization against rubella (German measles)... 

Vaccines in diis category protect children and adults from polio, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough), measles (rubeola), mumps, rubella (German measles), hepatitis B, and hacmophilus disease (meningitis, epiglotitis). 

This viral vaccine is used in rubella (German measles) and mumps immunization. 

We have already seen that Nichols [182] detected chromosome breaks in primary cell lines of lymphocytes obtained from children infected with measles. When children were vaccinated with attenuated life virus, the incidence of chromosome breaks was reduced. Similarly, chromosome breaks occur in primary cell lines cultured from aborted fetuses of mothers infected with German measles (rubella) virus (14% incidence of break in rubella cases compared with 7.3% of break in normal fetuses). Chromosomal breaks have been found in 1-year-old children who were infected with rubella in utero. A significant observation made by Boue [187] suggests that in cells cultured from fetuses infected in utero, the breaks affect the small, acrocentric chromosomes 21 and 22, in contrast to random breaks observed in human cell lines injected in vivo. 

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