Genotyping applications

Unlike yeast or bacteria, the size and complexity of the human genome currently necessitates locus-specific amplification for these genotyping applications. Without amplification, the concentration of each target is simply too low. We are developing more general arrays and procedures to reduce sequence complexity... 

Ugaz, V. M., Elms, R. D., Lo, R. C., Shaikh, F. A., and Burns, M. A. Microfabricated electrophoresis systems for DNA sequencing and genotyping applications current technology and future directions. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series A-Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences 362, 1105-1129 (2004). 

The ultimate goal of microarray-based expression analysis is to acquire a comprehension of the entire cellular process, in order to exploit and to standardize the multidi-menisional relations between genotype and phenotype. However, an increasingly important parameter, which has not yet been substantially taken into account, is the role of cellular translation. This means that mRNA expression data need to be correlated with the assortment of proteins actually present in the cell. One approach is based on the use of microarrays containing double-stranded DNA probes for the analysis of DNA-protein interaction and, thus, the detection and identification of DNA-binding proteins by means of fluorescence [130] or mass spectrometry analysis [131]. Moreover, substantial efforts are currently under way to develop protein, antibody, or even cell arrays, applicable to the cor-... 

Sayler GS, MS Shields, ET Tedford, A Breen, SW Hooper, KM Sirotkin, W Davis (1985) Application of DNA-DNA colony hybridization to the detection of catabolic genotypes in environmental samples. Appl Environ Microbiol 49 1295-1303. 

After the extrachon of total lipids from four different genotypes of flax seed (Linum usitassimum) differing markedly in their acyl composihon, PTLC was used for the isolahon of different lipid classes in the neutral lipid frachon [69]. Application of planar chromatographic methods, including PTLC, in the separahon of food lipids has been reviewed with 40 references by Olsson [70]. The polar lipid fraction of niger seed (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.) collected from different regions of Ethiopia could be separated by PTLC on silica gel [71]. 

The number of sites in the array can be used for combinatorial purposes. Combinatorial experiments can be oriented to a diversity of applications, genomics, proteomics, and biochemical, in general. Molecular inversion and SNP Genotyping are well-proven uses of the technology. 

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