Genomics of Adaptive Immunity

Viral Genomic Insertions in the Host Cell s Genome 

At the level of the Japanese eel, treatment with glycans activated the innate immune reaction of opsonization of phagocyosis by complement [976]. However, intraperitoneal immunization with inactivated Edwardsiella bacteria induced rising agglutinating antibody titers [977]. If this is confirmed (that the antibodies were truly immunoglobulins), than the eel s immune system is that of the vertebrate 

Antigen presentation and recognition is mediated by the MHC/HLA complex, whose genomic sequences are located on human chromosome 6.21.3. This 

It remains unexplained why the teleost Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) failed to acquire MHC class II system with its invariant chain, and reactive CD4 T cells. Was it never acquired in the cod lineage, or was it lost to deletion, or is the cod operating an unusually effective innate immune system Indeed, it appears fliat the cod expanded its entire innate and the MHC class 1 adaptive immune system. There is adequate response to endotoxin, and to bacterial (Aeromonas salmonicida Vibrio anguillarum) and viral (pancreas necrosis virus) pathogens [987-989]. 

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McCurley N, Hirano M, Das S, Cooper MD. Immune related genes underpin the evolution of adaptive immunity in jawless vertebrates. Curr Genomics. 2012 13 86-94. 

Flajnik, M.F., and Kasahara, M., Comparative genomics of the MHC Glimpses into the evolution of the adaptive immune system, Immunity, 15, 351, 2001. 

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