Genome Lactobacillus

Kleerebezem, M. Boekhorst, J. van Kranenburg, R. et al. Complete genome sequence of Lactobacillus plantarum WCFSl. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 100, 1990-1995 (2003)... 

Recently, Pridmore and co-workers (2008) have examined the production of hydrogen peroxide by the human gastrointestinal isolate Lactobacillus johnsonii NCC533. Through in silico analysis of the genome of this potential probiotic strain they identified the means by which hydrogen peroxide is synthesized. Furthermore, they demonstrated that the strain actively produced hydrogen peroxide in vitro at levels that were inhibitory for S. Typhimurium. 

Germond, J-E, Lapierre, L., Delley, M., Mollet, B., Felis, G.E., Dell aglio, F. (2003). Evolution of the bacterial species lactobacillus delbmeckii a partial genomic study with reflections on prokaryotic species concept. Mol. Biol. Evol, 20, 93-104. 

Whitehead, K.J., Versalovic, J., Roos, S., and Britton, R.A. 2008. Genomic and genetic characterization of the bile stress response of probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC 55730. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74 1812-1819. 

One of the drawbacks in the current commercial fermentation process is that the predominant form of the product is the deprotonated lactate rather than lactic acid, requiring more expensive and wasteful product purification steps. This is because the Lactobacillus fermentation operates at a minimum pH of 5.0-5.5 which is above the pA a of lactic acid (3.87). To overcome this limitation, a powerful strain improvement method, genome shuffling, was used to improve the acid tolerance of a poorly characterized industrial strain of LactobacillusA population of strains with subtle improvement in pH tolerance was isolated using classical strain improvement methods such as chemostats, and were then shuffled by recursive pool-wise protoplast fusion to create mutant strains that grow at substantially lower pH than does the wild-type strain. 

Genome shuffling of Lactobacillus for improved acid tolerance. Nat. Biotechnol. 2002, 20 (7), 707-712. 

Production of femiented foods, probiotics (microbial dietary supplements). Genomic analysis should yield functional information to enable the design of lactic acid bacteria (e.g., Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium) better suited to indusdial processes or tailored to provide nuditional benefit. 

Saulnier, D.M., Santos, E, Roos, S., Mistretta, T.-A. et al (2011) Exploring metabolic pathway reconstruction and genome-wide expression profiling in Lactobacillus reuteri to define functional probiotic features. PLoS One, 6, el8783. 

Teusink, B., Wiersma, A., Molenaar, D., Francke, C., De Vos, W. M., Siezen, R. J., et al. (2006). Analysis of growth of Lactobacillus plantarum WCFSl on a complex medium using a genome-scale metabolic model. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 40041 0048. 

Vogel, R. R, Pavlovic, M., Ehrmann, M. A., Wiezer, A., Liesegang, H., Offschanka, S., et al. (2011). Genomic analysis reveals Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis as stable element in traditional sourdoughs. Microbial Cell Factories, 10(S6), 1-11. 

Groot, M. N., Klaassens, E., de Vos, W. M., Delcour, J., Hols, R, et al. (2005). Genome-based in silico detection of putative manganese transport systems in Lactobacillus plantarum and their genetic analysis. Microbiology, 151, 1229-1238. 

Genome analyses of various Gram-positive bacteria revealed the presence of pilus gene clusters containing sortases in pathogens such as Clostridium perfringens, enterococci, many streptococcal species, Actinomyces taxon and, recently, also in Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG a human gut commensal and well-studied probiotic strain. ... 

On the other hand, pili were recently also identified in the genome sequences of human gut commensals such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. In Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, two sortase-dependent pili, SpaCBA and SpaEF, have been shown to be involved in bacterial attachment to human cells, and bacterial establishment within the human gut... 

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