Genetic Optimization

Moreover, in further studies, a genetically optimized strain of A. niger with an overexpressed /i-fructofuranosidase transformed sucrose analogues efficiently and with high yield into the 1-kestose and 1-nystose analogues functionalized with different monosaccharides of potential interest (Fig. 8).115... 

In the genetic optimization the solution is searched in an evolutionary manner which as such is quite familiar to a practising engineer. The problem here is the... 

The basic steps of the genetic optimization algorithm are the following ... 

The aim of the reasoning is to determine the inherently safe process configuration for this process by using the Inherent Safety Index as an objective function in the genetic optimization. The index can be once again simplified, since the compounds present are fixed by the product produced. Therefore also the physical and chemical properties are fixed and the related subindices are... 

The genetic optimization was started with an initial population size of five, which was generated randomly. The algorithm included crossover of two sequences, which were selected randomly. Also random mutations were done on two sequences. The number of mutations per sequence varied from four in the beginning to one in the end per sequence. The steps of the genetic algorithm are ... 

Hurme, M. Heikkila, A-M. 1998. Synthesis of Inherently Safe Chemical Processes by Using Genetic Optimization and Case-Based Reasoning. In Koikkalainen, P. Puuronen, S. (Eds.). Human and Artificial Information Processing. Finnish Artificial Intelligence Society. Espoo. Pp. 134—143. 

Chan FTS, Chung SH (2004) Multi-criteria genetic optimization for distribution network problems. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 2004 517-532... 

Fussenegger M, Bailey JE, Hauser H, Mueller PP (1999), Genetic optimization of recombinant glycoprotein production by mammalian cells, Trends Biotechnol. 17 35-42. 

Gobbi, A. and Poppinger, D. Genetic Optimization of Combinatorial Libraries. 

Figure 5.26 Virtual screening of a combinatorial amide library LI targeted towards Candida rugosa lipase using Genetic Optimization for Ligand Docking (GOLD).

Cziner, K., Hurme, M. Process evaluation and synthesis by analytic hierarchy process combined with genetic optimization. In Chen, B., Westerberg, A.W. (eds.) Proceedings of the 8 International Symposium on Process Systems Engineering (PSE 2003), Kunming, China, pp. 778-783. Elsevier, Amsterdam (2003)... 

Straightforward implementation protocols which are apphcable to the vast majority of product proteins. Future research and development in the area of BE VS will hkely shift from culture medium design and process engineering to metabolic engineering for more efficient nutrient utilization [55] and/or production of mammahan-hke gly-cosylation profiles [56] (see Part IV, Chapters 2 and 7). A new era of genetically optimized insect cells and baculoviral vectors will almost certainly boost the success of previous process engineering investigations, and this may eventually result in BE VS-produced biopharmaceuticals. 

The program package, SPARTAN, contains a module to explore the conformational space of small-sized and medium-sized molecules with a genetic algorithm [38], After generating a user-defined number of conformations with a genetic optimization procedure, the structures can be submitted to geometrical refinement by quantum or molecular mechanics methods. 

Fig. 2 Biotin-avidin technology Artificial metalloenzymes [M(L )(biotin-ligand)]c(strept)avidin for enantioselective catalysis are based on the anchoring of a catalyticaUy active metal fragment within a host protein via a hgand, a spacer, and biotin. Chemical optimization can be achieved either by varying the spacer or the metal chelate moiety ML ). Saturation mutagenesis at a position close to the metal moiety ( ) can be used for genetic optimization...

Fig. 5 Two steps of evolution of [Rh(COD)(Biot-l)]+cWT Sav (first step is chemical optimization second step is genetic optimization) [38, 40]...

One of the most attractive feature of this approach is the diversity generated by combining both chemical and genetic optimization strategies. Following this approach, we have been able to develop artificial metalloenzymes for the hydrogenation, the allylic alkylation and the transfer hydrogenation reaction. 

Another approach which promises a good prospect for adoption is the genetic optimization approach of Chatfield (2007). 

Guo, Z.X., Wong, W.K., Leung, S.Y.S., Fan, J.T. and Chan, S.F., 2006. Mathematical model and genetic optimization for the job shop scheduling problem in a mixed- and multi-product assembly environment A case study based on the apparel industry. Computers and Industrial Engineering, 50(3), 202-219. 

The outline of this chapter is as follows. Section 5.2 describes the model formulation of the COP problem. The genetic COP optimization procedures are described in Section 5.3. The proposed method is demonstrated by an illustrative example and various experiments in Section 5.4, in which the genetically optimized results are compared with those implemented by industrial practice. Finally, conclusions and recommendations for futrue work are outlined. 

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