Genetic approaches identification

McManus, D.P. and Bowles, J. (1996) Molecular genetic approaches to parasite identification their value in diagnostic parasitology and systematics. InternationalJournalfor Parasitology 26, 687—704. 

The application of forward chemical genetics to studies of translation provides an opportunity to identify small molecules that inhibit or stimulate this process without any underlying assumptions as to which step is most amenable to targeting by the chemical libraries under consideration. The opportunity exists to identify novel factors involved in translation, unravel new activities of known translation initiation factors, or characterize shortlived intermediates that are frozen by the small molecule inhibitor. We have undertaken a forward chemical genetic approach to identify small molecules that inhibit or stimulate translation in extracts prepared from Krebs-2 ascites cells (Novae et al., 2004). These screens have led to the identification of several novel inhibitors of translation initiation and elongation (Bordeleau et al., 2005, 2006 Robert et al., 2006a,b). 

The focus of this book is centered on structure, nomenclature and occurrence of phenolic compounds (Chapter 1), and their chemical properties (Chapter 2). Chapter 3 describes the biosynthetic pathways leading to the major classes of phenolics. This chapter presents an up-to-date overview of the genetic approaches that have been used to elucidate these pathways. Chapter 4 presents an overview of methods for the isolation and identification of plant phenolic compounds. Given that much of the recent... 

This work elegantly demonstrates power of combined ABPP and chemical genetics approaches in understanding microbial pathogenesis, and has made a very real contribution to the identification of potential novel dmg targets. 

In addition to those host nonselective toxins, Altemaria pathogens produce a number of host-selective toxins such as AK-toxin, AF-toxin, and ACT-toxin.298 9,10-Epoxy-8-hydroxy-9-methyldecatrienoic acid, the common backbone of these toxins, was biosynthesized via the polyketide pathway. Genetic approach has allowed the identification of a gene cluster for AF-toxin biosynthesis.299... 

However, efforts to improve crop performance under environmental stresses have not yet been very fruitful, mainly because the fundamental mechanisms of stress tolerance in plants remain to be completely understood. A genetic approach to the development of specific stress-tolerant crop varieties requires as a pre-requisite the identification of key genetic determinants of stress tolerance-related genes or quantitative trait loci (QTL). The existence of salt-tolerant plants (halophytes) and differences in salt tolerance between genotypes within salt-sensitive plant (gly-cophytes) species clearly indicates that there is a genetic basis to salt response. 

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