Generic Effects

Chapter 2 Interaction of Radiation with Matter Energy Transfer 

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The research carried out on these very simple potential forms has revealed that they capture many of the physical/rheological features present in real systems. By focusing on such potentials, which have one or two adjustable parameters one can gain insights into generic effects that span many examples of chemical system. These potentials are also, on occasions (e.g. the potential given in Equation (1)) amenable to simple analytic treatments. 

The focus of this chapter is on the generic effects of fat on the composition, structure, yield, flavor, rheology and functionality of hard and semi-hard cheeses and pasteurized processed cheese products. 

Despite their limitations, models are useful for assessing generic effects of contaminants or impacts over larger areas. For this purpose, however, simplified expressions derived from first principles appear to be as useful as more elegant computer models for the evaluation of contaminant fate and transport at small sites. 

Detect both generic effects and also selected priority contaminant groups. 

What then is the effect of adding a macromolecular cryoprotectant to this system Such agents are effective at doses nearly stoichiometric with the catalase concentration and we interpret their effect as similar to that of increasing the enzyme concentration or to adding albumin to enzyme solutions, as is commonly done in biochemistry, to improve stability. The generic effect is to increase macromolecular interactions which retard solvent-solute inactivation. 

It is well known that rates of polymerizations can increase markedly w ith the degree of conversion or with the polymer concentration. Some workers have attributed this solely or partly to a template effect. It has been proposed that adventitious template polymerization occurs during polymerizations of AA, MAA and AN, and that the gel or Norrish-Trommsdorff effect observed during polymerizations of these monomers is linked to this phenomenon. However, it is difficult to separate possible template effects from the more generic effects of increasing solution viscosity and chain entanglement at high polymer concentrations on rates of termination and initiator efficiency (Section 5.2.1.4). 

It should be noted that the generic effects discussed below for PVP with inorganic salts (Section 5.1) are seen also with many other water-soluble polymers, so that the principles outlined are applicable to these polymers in common. By contrast, the specific effects with surfactants (Section 5.3) and phenols (Section 5.4) are often much more pronounced with PVP than with other water-soluble polymers, as a result of the exceptional binding ability of PVP towards cosolutes as a v ole. 

A common model for the categorization of threats is STRIDE [18]. As described in Table 2, an exploited vulnerability leads to one of the following generic effects. 

Threat mode Description Violated security attribute (generic effect)... 

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