General Chemical Company

Satisfactory results were obtained with potassium cyanide, 96-98% purity, from General Chemical Company or with material indicated as of 95% minimum purity, from Merck Co., Inc. If... 

Sulfur trioxide is distilled by heating 60% fuming sulfuric acid contained in the flask. Spent acid may be fortified with Sulfan B, stabilized liquid sulfur trioxide obtainable from the General Chemical Company, 40 Rector St., New York. Undiluted Sulfan B solidifies in the flask after a few heatings, and subsequent reheating may be dangerous. 

Routine stains hematoxylin and eosin (both from VWR or other general chemical company). 

Obtainable from General Chemical Company, Morristown, N.J. 

There followed the appointment of a committee of scientists and engineers of the National Academy of Sciences 111 co-operation with the American Chemical Society at tlie request of the Secretary of War. In addition, two investigators were sent abroad to study and report on conditions ill Europe. In the meantime the General Chemical Company had worked up aod patented a modification uf the direct synthetic ammonia process as operated in Czermany, and made preparations for the erection of a plant. This plant of 7,5 tons of ammonia per day capacity was to be erected at Shadyside, New York. 

The result of the various investigations made for the Government was the recommendation that the War Department take over the process of the General Chemical Company and erect a pilot plant to test the process. Accordingly, U. S. Nitrate Plant No. i was erected at Sheffield, Ala. This plant of a capacity of 30 tons of ammonia, including the 7.5 ton unit which was to have been erected at Shadyside, was never completed. Only one unit of 7.5 tons of ammonia per day capacity was ready for trial operation prior to the signing of the armistice. Continuous operation of this unit was never realized, and duly a small amount of ammonia was produced. 

University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa. t General Motors Corporation, Detroit, Mich, t General Chemical Company, New Haven, Conn. 

The General Chemical Company after Twenty Years, 1899-1919. New York General Chemical Company, 1919. 

Nichols, William H., 34, 48, 65-66, 118, 252. See also General Chemical Company... 

Further development of the contact process did not rely on a better catalyst but depended on better methods to remove poisons and clean the gases produced by roasting pyrites, which, by then, had replaced sulfur as the preferr source of sulfur dioxide. In attempting to overcome the difficulty, the Mannheim process used a bed of relatively inactive iron oxide to guard the main bed of a platinum catalyst. New Jersey Zinc and the General Chemical Company in the United States built plants of this kind in 1899 and 1901, respectively. 

Despite the problems at Sheffield, the Atmospheric Nitrogen Corporation, a subsidiary of the General Chemical Company, had built and operated a second plant with the same design at Syracuse, New York by 1921.The original capacity was 15 tonnes per day anunonia but it was later increased to 40 totmes per day. This plant eventually used a fused iron oxide catalyst, promoted with alumina and potash, developed at the Fixed Nitrogen Research Laboratory by A T Larson. It had first test a catalyst developed by de Jahn of the General Chemical Company. 

After three years of delays the U.S. government finally contracted with the General Chemical Company to build the first modified Haber-Bosch plant U.S. Nitrate Plant No. 1 at Sheffield, Alabama. Only a single small unit was finished before the war ended, and many technical problems, above all rapid poisoning of a poor catalyst, prevented its successful operation. The first commercial synthesis of ammonia in the United States began in 1921 in a small plant (just 5,000 t N/year capacity) built by Atmospheric Nitrogen Corporation at Syracuse, New York the second plant, built by Mathieson Alkali Works, was completed at Niagara Falls a year later. ... 

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