Gemzar - Gemcitabine

Anti metabolites. Figure 7 Chemical structure of gemcitabine (gemzar). 

Gemcitabine (Gemzar), an antimetabolite, undergoes metabolic activation to difluorodeoxycytidine triphosphate, which interferes with DNA synthesis and repair, ft is the single most active agent for the treatment of metastatic pancreatic cancer, and it is used as a first-line treatment for both pancreatic and small cell lung cancer. It is administered by intravenous infusion. The dose-limiting toxicity is bone marrow suppression. 

Gemcitabine (Gemzar ) is prepared from the 2,2-difluoro-2-deoxyribose, itself available by the addition of the Reformatsky reagent of ethyl bromodifluoroace-tate on the (R)-2,3-0-isopropylidene glyceraldehyde. The condensation of the corresponding mesylate with di(trimethylsilyloxy)pyrimidine provides gemcitabine [93]. The control of the stereoselectivity of the Reformatsky reaction is difficult (Fig. 30) [95]. Other approaches involving the fluorination of D-pyranoses have been proposed (Fig. 31) [96]. 

Gemcitabine Gemzar Carcinoma of the pancreas nonsmall cell lung cancer Blood disorders (anemia, leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia] dyspnea edema fever skin rash hematuria Gl distress (nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea]... 

Gallium nitrate (Gan/te-SoloPak) Gefitinib Iressa - AstraZeneca) Gemcitabine Gemzar- Lilly) Gemtuzumab Mylotarg- Wyeth)... 

Gemcitabine (Gemzar) Pancreatic cancer NSCLC breast cancer head and neck cancer bladder cancer testicular cancer ovarian cancers, HD... 

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