Gauge deposit

Heat flux gauge Deposit buildup in turbines Value of local heat flux, type of boiling, potential for impurity concentration... 

Circffiation and heat transfer in this type of evaporator are strongly affected by the liquid level. Highest heat-transfer coefficients are achieved when the level, as indicated by an external gauge glass, is only about halfway up the tubes. Shght reductions in level below the optimum result in incomplete wetting of the tube walls with a consequent increased tendency to foul and a rapid reduction in capacity. When this type of evaporator is used with a liquid that can deposit salt or scale, it is customary to operate with the liquid level appreciably higher than the optimum and usually appreciably above the top tube sheet. 

Deposit gauge A collection device that records the deposition rate of solid or liquid particulate matter from the air. 

The efficiency of power generation is significantly reduced by any deposits formed on the turbine blades by BW carryover and severe turbine damage may also result. Tiirbine efficiency also is reduced by demands for output that exceed the rated maximum and by extended operation beyond the maintenance period or design life. Additionally, errors in steam flow meters, thermometers, and pressure gauges, and so forth cause the control system to regulate the generation of electricity at some further reduced level. 

Thrner gauges may be used to determine scale thickness in situ. These are Wheatstone bridge circuit devices that have proved very useful for 40 years or so. As with chloral thermocouples, calibration may be difficult, and the level of magnetic iron content (magnetite) in the deposit may affect the readings. More modem electronic versions, similar to paint thickness testers, are now available. 

The inspection process is the precursor to determining when a boiler needs cleaning. Visual inspections cutting out tubes and the use of chipping hammers, fiberscopes, Turner gauges, and other aids are employed, together with a full and representative deposit analysis to assess the requirement for cleaning. 

TBq (14,000 Ci) of reportedly low-level nuclear waste, concrete-encapsulated in at least 47,500 55-gallon 16-gauge steel drums (life-expectancy 30 year in sea water) (Suchanek et al. 1996). These were deposited at three sites 100, 900, and 1,800 m deep. 

It is also possible to shape biscuits by a mechanised system that does the same process. This is called sheeting gauging and cutting. Some biscuits are shaped by extrusion and depositing, while others are wire cut. Alternatively, the biscuit dough can be fed to a rotary moulder, which shapes the biscuits in one step (Figure 2). 

We also have evidence of how the female assesses the size of her mating partners. She appears to do so indirectly, by gauging the size of their spermatophore, for which purpose she may use stretch receptors that female moths are known to have in the chamber (bursa) in which spermatophores are deposited (29). Male Utetheisa can be caused to produce inordinately small spermatophores if they are mated relatively recently beforehand. If such mated males are placed in competition with physically smaller males, whose spermatophores may now be the relatively larger ones, they tend to "lose out" (30). We predict from this that males, in nature, may space their matings days apart. To regain the capacity to produce full size spermatophores takes a male about a week (30). 

Geography, Geology Pulse/echo techniques are used in the location of mineral and oil deposits and in depth gauges for seas and oceans. Echo ranging at sea has been used for many years (SONAR). 

Both the thermionic and cold-cathode gauges exert a significant pumping action on a vacuum system due to the breakdown and deposition of molecular ions created by electron impact. These gauges are prone to degas deposited material when turned off, or soon after they are turned on. 

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