Mollusks gastropods

Conrad, G.W. 1988. Heavy metal effects on cellular shape changes, cleavage, and larval development of the marine gastropod mollusk, (Ilyanassa obsoleta Say). Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 41 79-85. 

Gas-phase reactive intermediates low pressure, 46 107-113 supersonic jets, 46 113-121 Gastrointestinal absorption, lithium, 36 62-64 Gastropod mollusks, arsenic in, 44 150, 167, 168, 170 G bases, 45 268 Gd +... 

Abalone is another important marine gastropod mollusk with high medicinal effects, therefore recommended to physically weak or sick patients. There are number of evidences for beneficial effects or bioactivities of abalone extracts that include antioxidant (Kim et al., 2006), anticancer (Lee et al., 2010 Uchida et al., 1987), antihypertensive (Kim et al.,... 

These geochemical tracers have been successfully applied to studies of the shells of a variety of marine organisms including bivalve and gastropod mollusks, ostracods, forams, brachiopods and solitary corals (47, 54, 57, 58). In the case of mollusk shells, for example, serial microsampling around the spiral whorls from earliest to oldest growth revealed sinusoidal variations in isotope ratios, which result from shell deposition in a seasonal environment (47, 50, 62-64). Our previous work showed this to be true of Olivella shells as well, where 8,sO levels fluctuate from warm summer temperatures to cold spring and winter temperatures (38). 

Another alien species—the gastropod mollusk Potamopyrgus jenkinsi— originates from New Zealand. Meanwhile, P. jenkinsi first appeared and inhabited the Atlantic near-shore waters off Europe and then penetrated into... 

A polyclad flatworm (planocerid sp. 1) collected in Guam was found to contain the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin (TTX 225 and ll-nortetrodotoxin-6(5)-ol 226 which it uses to kill mobile prey such as gastropod mollusks. Consistent with a role in prey capture, levels of TTX in the flatworm decreased after they were fed on cowries. Although an antipredation role has been implied for TTX in some terrestrial species, its presence does not prevent flatworms from being consumed by reef fish.259... 

L. majuscula or gastropod mollusks, which feed on this cyanobacterium (i.e., D. auricularid). 

MU [144]. A second study in Taiwan measured toxin levels in the implicated marine organisms for six outbreaks with toxin varying between 13 (for gastropod mollusks) and 1200 (for puffer fish roe) MU/g of tissue unfortunately the amount of fish or mollusk eaten was not reported [137]. A study in Madagascar found that four persons were ill and one died following ingestion of tissue with a toxin level of 16 MU/ g of tissue [146]. The lethal dose for humans has been estimated as... 

Hwang, D.F., Chueh, C.H., and Jeng, S.S. 1990a. Occurrence of tetrodotoxin in the gastropod mollusk Natica lineata lined moon shell. Toxicon 28, 21-27. 

Because invertebrates are easy to manipulate experimentally and have relatively simple nervous systems, invertebrates (particularly decapod crustaceans and gastropod mollusks) have been the subject of far more research on chemically mediated foraging than vertebrates. As with vertebrates, many workers have taken the approach of delivering a stimulus in a single pulse of odor injected into standing water by a syringe or pipette, and the behavioral response is compared to that for a control injection of water. For crustaceans, this response... 

Noguchi, T., J. Maruyama, H. Narita, and K. Hashimoto Occurrence of Tetrodotoxin in the Gastropod Mollusk Tutufa lissostoma (Frog Shell). Toxicon 22, 219 (1984). 

Hydroxy-4,8,13,17-tetramethyl-4,8,12,17-icosatetrae-noic acid, isolated from the Fucale Turbinaria omata, is probably another product of oxidation of a carotenoid. This co-hydroxyacid is a repellent of herbivorous gastropod mollusks (Sawai et al., 1994). 

Crustaceans, gastropod mollusks, polychaete annelids and fish are predators of echinoderms and it has been shown that several ediinoderm spedes contain deterrents in their body wall tissues (Bryan et al., 1997). 

Misra, K.K., Shkrob, L, Rakshit, S., and Dembitsky, V.M. (2002) Variability in fatty acids and fatty aldehydes in different organs of two prosobranch gastropod mollusks. Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 30, 749-761. 

Noguchi, T., Maruyama, J., Narita, H., and Hashimoto, K, (1984) Occurrence of tetrodotoxin in the gastropod mollusk Tutufa lissotoma (frog shell). Toxicon, 22, 219-226. 

For more details of the classification of gastropod mollusks, including the taxonomic levels of superfamily (between order and family) and subfamily (between family and genus), see Cimino et al. (2001). 

Horiguchi, T. (2006) Masculinization of female gastropod mollusks induced by organotin compounds, focusing on mechanism of actions of tributyltin and triphenyltin for development of imposex. Environ. Scl, 13, 77-87. 

Chloro-5 -bromotyrosine (42) was identified from hydrolysates of a sclero-protein constituting the operculum of the gastropod mollusk Baccinum undatum in 1971 34). A,A,iV-Trimethyl halogenated tyrosines, 43, 44, 45, and 46 were isolated from the Caribbean sponge Pseudoceratina crassa by Fattorusso s group 35). The absolute stereochemistries of 43 and 44 were determined to be L by Gao and Hamann 36). 

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