Gastroenteritis calcium

Amlodipine A 14-year-old renal transplant recipient developed acute nephrotoxicity with a high tacrolimus trough concentration after taking amlodipine during an acute episode of gastroenteritis Calcium chan-... 

Oxalic acid occurs in high concentrations in pineapple and rhubarb, among other plants, and is responsible for the sharpness of the fresh fruits. Ingestion of too much oxalic acid can cause gastroenteritis, commonly recognized as a stomach ache. A salt of oxalic acid, calcium oxalate, is the stuff of kidney stones. 

DOT CLASSIFICATION 5.1 Label Oxidi2er SAFETY PROFILE Poison by intravenous route. Moderately toxic by ingestion. An experimental teratogen. Experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. Ingestion of large quantities may cause gastroenteritis. Chronic exposure can cause anemia, nephritis, and methemoglobinemia. When heated, reaction with calcium hydroxide + polychlorinated phenols forms extremely toxic chlorinated benzodioxins. 

Human Toxicity. Caustic and corrosive to skin, mucous membranes. Ingestion may cause severe gastroenteritis with vomiting, diarrhea, melena. Renal damage can occur as a result of formation of excessive calcium oxalate. Convulsions, coma, death from cardiovascular collapse may occur, Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products, R. E. Gosselin et al, Ed. (Williams Wilkins, Baltimore, 4th ed., 1976) Section 111, pp 260-263. 

C. Group 2b plants contain soluble oxalate salts (sodium or potassium) that can produce acute hypocalcemia, renal injury, and other organ damage secondary to precipitation of calcium oxalate crystals in various organs (see p 295). Mucous membrane irritation is rare, allowing patients to ingest sufficient quantities to cause systemic toxicity. Gastroenteritis may also occur. 

---