Gasoline Otto engine

The application of alcohol and gasoline-alcohol mixtures in the gasoline (Otto) engines began in the first half of the twentieth century. It is possible to find information about various studies on the change in octane numbers of gasoline-alcohol... 

Both gasoline and diesel engines are available in either a two-stroke- or a four-stroke-cycle design. The fundamental difference between the Otto engine cycle (named after Nikolaus Otto, who developed it in 1876) and the diesel engine cycle involves the conditions of the combustion. In the Otto cycle. 

Fig. 5.8 a Carburetor in a liquid gasoline-fueled Otto engine, b Manifold in gaseous hydro-gen-fueled modified engine systems... 

May, H. 1984. New results of engine driving tests of a 6-cylinder Otto-Engine in mixed hydrogen gasoline operation. 5th World Hydrogen Energy Conference, Toronto, Canada, 1984. 

See also Automobile Performance Carnot, Nicolas Leonard Sadi Combustion Diesel Fuel Diesel, Rudolph Engines Gasoline and Additives Gasoline Engines Government Agencies Otto, Nikolaus August Thermodynamics. 

Natural gas (NG) consists of 85-95% methane (CH ), which is the simplest hydrocarbon. NG is the cleanest burning alternative fuel. Exhaust emissions from NG vehicles are much lower than those from gasoline-powered vehicles. Combustion of NG reduces carbon dioxide content compared with diesel, but the lost efficiency when the Otto process is used means that carbon dioxide emissions increase. All in all combustion of NG in a gasoline engine gives rise to about as much carbon dioxide as the combustion of diesel in a diesel engine, measured in units of energy. 

The thermodynamic cycle for hydrogen is much closer to the ideal Otto cycle than for either a gasoline or a diesel engine. In addition, the compression ratio can be higher. 

Antiknocks. Antiknock agents are used to improve the natural knock resistance of gasolines used in Otto-cycle gasoline engines, knock being the power-robbing, po-... 

Catalysis has been remarkably successful in reducing emissions. Table 2.3 shows typical emissions for Otto (gasoline) engines with and without a three-way catalyst are shown. Data for diesel engines are also included. 

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