High octane gasoline blending stock

The principal use of the alkylation process is the production of high octane aviation and motor gasoline blending stocks by the chemical addition of C2, C3, C4, or C5 olefins or mixtures of these olefins to an iso-paraffin, usually isobutane. Alkylation of benzene with olefins to produce styrene, cumene, and detergent alkylate are petrochemical processes. The alkylation reaction can be promoted by concentrated sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid, aluminum chloride, or boron fluoride at low temperatures. Thermal alkylation is possible at high temperatures and very high pressures. 

Alkylation, where the olefins are reacted with isobutane to make a very desirable gasoline blending stock. Alkylate is an attractive blending component because it has no aromatics or sulfur, low vapor pressure, low end point, and high research and motor octane ratings,... 

Alkylation This process converts isobutanc and butylenes produced in the catalytic cracking step into a mixture of dimers known as alkylate. This product is a gasoline blending stock of high octane value. Alkylation catalysts are homogeneous liquid catalysis, either sulfuric or hydrofluoric acids. 

Hydrocracking—The cracking of a distillate or gas oil in the presence of catalyst and hydrogen to form high-octane gasoline blending stock. 

Catalytic reforming converts low-octane heavy naphtha into a high-octane product (reformate) that is an excellent gasoline blend stock. Reformate has a high content of BTX (benzene-toluene-xylene), so it also serves as a great source of aromatics for petrochemical plants. 

After bauxite treatment the product was fractionated to produce C3-C4 and naphtha (C5-204°C) fractions. The C3-C4 olefin-rich gas was oligomerized over a solid phosphoric acid (SPA) catalyst to produce an unhydrogenated polymer gasoline with a research octane number (RON) of 95 and MON of 82.21 The bauxite-treated FT motor gasoline (RON of 87, MON of 76) was mixed with the polymer gasoline and some natural gas condensates (and crude-oil-derived naphtha) to produce the final motor gasoline product. In this respect it is noteworthy that the Fe-HTFT-derived material was the high-octane-blend stock. 

Hydrocracked gasoline Alkylate gasoline Relatively olefin-free, low aromatic cracked gasoline blendstock. Composed of C and C8branched hydrocarbons this is a high-octane-number blending stock with MON values ranging from approximately 87 to 95 and RON values from 94 to 100. 

Toluene is used as a high-octane blending stock in gasoline as a solvent for paints and coatings, gums, resins, oils, rubber and adhesives and as an intermediate in the preparation of many chemicals, dyes, pharmaceuticals, detergents and explosives (Lewis, 1993). 

Hydrogenation—A refinery process in which hydrogen is added to the molecules of unsaturated (hydrogen-deficient) hydrocarbon tractions. It plays an important part in the manufacture of high-octane blending stocks for aviation gasoline and in the quality improvement of various petroleum products. 

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