Gas flow meters

Fig. 4. Operating sequence for a two-lobed rotary gas flow meter where the shaded area represents the flowing fluid.

FIGURE 10< 108 The procedure to measure the capture efficiency by the tracer gas method, aj The measurement of the reference concentration in the duct, when the tracer is released direcdy into the duct, fb) The measurement of the concentration in the duct, when the tracer is released from the source, / -= sampling point, 2 = pump, J = analyter, 4 - injection of tracer, 5 = tracer gas flow meter, 6 = tracer gas cylinder. 

The flow rates of the two gases are regulated by flow meters inserted in parallel between the gas-mixing chamber and the chlorine and oxygen tanks. Appropriate flow rates for chlorine and oxygen are 80-100 and 40-50 ml. per minute, respectively. The checkers purchased gas flow meters from Arthur H. Thomas Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 

The usual laboratory gas flow meter is essentially a manometer which measures the pressure difference across a capillary tube through which the gas flows, as in Figure 74,1, showing a design described by W. Barkas (1939). This is intended to prevent a sudden change in pressure from forcing the liquid in the manometer into the rest of the... 

Fig. 7.1 Experimental set up for sonochemical carbonization experiments [24] (1) Ultrasound Probe, (2) C02 gas sparger, (3) Conductivity meter, (4) pH meter, (5) C02 gas cylinder, (6) C02 gas flow meter, (7) Air flow meter, ( ) Air compressor (9) Magnetic stirrer, (10) Ca(OH)2 slurry...

Manometer (J) Gas-flow meter ( Vacuum pump 9 Gas-sampler Heated tube... 

Simulations are then performed for gas bubbles emerging from a single nozzle with 0.4 cm I.D. at an average nozzle velocity of lOcm/s. The experimental measurements of inlet gas injection velocity in the nozzle using an FMA3306 gas flow meter reveals an inlet velocity fluctuation of 3-15% of the mean inlet velocity. A fluctuation of 10% is imposed on the gas velocity for the nozzle to represent the fluctuating nature of the inlet gas velocities. The initial velocity of the liquid is set as zero. An inflow condition and an outflow condition are assumed for the bottom wall and the top walls, respectively, with the free-slip boundary condition for the side walls. 

Soap-film flow meter A modified form of the soap film flow meter used by Krishnamurthi, Kumar, Datta, and Kuloor (K10) for collecting bubbles at atmospheric pressures is shown in Fig. 2. This device, which makes use of the movement of a soap film in a burette, can also be employed to calibrate low rate gas flow meters. Gas enters the apparatus from the top. A soap film is formed at the tip of the calibrated burette by raising a metallic loop dipped in soap solution. A water-seal is used to prevent the gas from escaping through... 

The behaviour of the spray inside the spray tower can be observed through windows. The depressurized solvent, which contains the smaller particles (1-10 pm) is led into the cyclone (F) where these are collected at the bottom of the vessel. For separation of smallest particles (passes through a gas-flow meter for determination of total flow. 

Impeller and shunt flowmeters are widely used in steam and gas flow metering. They comprise an orifice plate in the main flow line and a self-operating rotor assembly in the bypass. As gas flows through the meter body, a portion of the flow is diverted to drive the fan shaft assembly. The rotational speed of the shaft is proportional to the rate of flow at all rates within the normal range of the meter. 

Fig. 2. Schematic drawing of photo-incubator. A Plain air conditions, B C02-enriched air conditions. White fluorescent lamp, Conical flask, Rotary shaker, Incubator, Gas flow meter, Air compressor, C02 gas cylinder, Gas analyzer...

Figure 9.2 Cracking apparatus for cracking of municipal plastic waste 1. motor 2. extruder 3. reactor 4. separator 5. condenser 6. separator , gas-flow meter 8. flare 9. atmospheric distillation 10. vacuum distillation...

The carrier gas used was argon or nitrogen. The flow rate was adjusted by a pressure reduction valve and kept constant, as indicated by a rotameter. The carrier gas was then passed through adsorption towers to remove H2O and CO2. The volume of the carrier gas was measured by a gas-flow meter. The reproducibility in the measured gas volume was of the order of 0.1%. 

The total gas volume, as read on the gas-flow meter, was reduced to standard conditions (0" C and 101.325kPa) by use of the values for the ambient temperature and pressure. These values were read half-an-hour after the beginning of the experiment. 

Carbon dioxide flow measurement can be done with a simple gas flow meter at the exit. Shortcomings of the dynamic methods include ... 

Atomic absorption spectrophotometers equipped with gas flow meters for argon (or nitrogen) and hydrogen, As electrode less discharge lamps with power supply, background correction at measurement wavelengths, and appropriate strip-chart recorder. 

Figure 3.24. Mettler TA 2000 C ihermoanalyzer schematic diagram. I. furnace for regular gas atmosphere 2. furnace for corrosive gas atmospheres 3. inlet valve 4. needle valve 5, gas flow meter 6. pressure gauges 7. exhaust valve 8. shut-off valve 9, bypass valve 10. plate valve 11. fore-vacuum valve 12. diffusion pump 13. rotary pump 14, balance 15. sample cup holder.

Figure 3.32. An automated thermobalance, (a) Balance, furnace, and sample changer mechanism (ft) furnace and sample holder (50). ( ) A. gas flow-meter B. furnace C. sample-holder disk D. cooling fan E, Cahn Model rtl recording balance F. balance platform, (ft) A. gas inlet tube B, thermocouples C. furnace heater windings and insulation D. sample container E. sample-holder disk F. ceramic sample probe.

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