Gas dewatering

Application of the Jules-Thompson effect to separate liquids from produced gas requires a number of gas treatment steps after the gas exits the well head. Due to technical, safety and facility constraints, sampling after the cold separator is preferred. In order to investigate potential isotopic fractionation effects one sample was collected before the gas entered the main separation unit (sampling conditions in Table 2). Sampling directly at the well head was not possible due to high temperature and pressure of the gas. Dewatered condensates were collected at the cold separator and stored in glass vials. Gas samples were collected using special gas sample containers which were filled to 1.5 bar. 

Removal of water vapors from the gas. This process is called gas dewatering (dehydration). Since dehydration causes a decrease in the threshold temperature of hydrate formation, this procedure often includes additional steps intended to prevent the formation of hydrates. 

There exist two ways of extracting a desired product from natural gas adsorption using rigid absorbent (zeolites) as the absorber, and absorption by a liquid absorbent. The first method is periodical because it demands a periodic change of the solid absorbent. For this purpose, it is often necessary to swap different gas streams and accordingly to heat and cool the equipment. The second method can be run continuously, it involves less operational expenses and cheaper equipment, it helps improve reliability and is simple to control. Therefore the absorption method of gas dewatering and extraction of heavy carbohydrates is the method of choice for natural gas fields. 

The absorbent (i.e. regenerated glycol is used for gas dewatering) is fed into the device through the branch pipe of 80 mm diameter on the top of the perforated... 

Zhdanova H. B., Haliph A. L., Natural gas dewatering, Nedra, Moscow, 1975 (in Russian). 

Physically, the quantity - Zg is equal to the fraction of moisture extracted from the gas, therefore the efficiency of gas dewatering can be characterized by the parameter... 

Limestone slurry scmbs flue gas. SO2 absorbed, reacted to CaSO. Further ak-oxidized to CaSO settled/removed as sludge. Lower cost and simpler than other processes. Disadvantages abrasive/corrosive, plugging and scaling, poor dewatering of... 

Displa.cementDewa.tering. Replacement of the Hquid in the voids of a cake by another Hquid or a gas is termed displacement dewatering. 

The toxicity and volume of some deoiled and dewatered sludge can be reduced further through thermal treatment. Thermal sludge treatment units use heat to vaporize the water and volatile components in the feed and leave behind a dry solid residne. The vapors are condensed for separation into hydrocarbon and water components. Noncondensable vapors are either flared or sent to the refinery amine nnit for treatment and nse as refinery fnel gas. 

Metals removal may require pretreatment. Other applications may require equalization tank, oil/water separator, sludge dewatering, postcarbon adsorption or filter. Certain applications may require off-gas control system. It may also be unsuitable for groundwater with a chemical oxygen demand less than 40 mg/liter. 

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