Gas Conditioning Technologies

An overview of several technologies is presented in this section. Each of these technologies are suitable for handling 

---

In practice, the gasifier and the gas conditioning technologies must be considered as integrated systems. 

Chandan, R. Parker, K.R. Sanyal, A. A review of flue gas conditioning technology in meeting particulate emission standards. Proceedings of the Electric Power 1999 Conference, Baltimore, U.S.A., 1999. 

As membrane-based fuel gas conditioning technology gains credibility, opportunities to compete with low-temperamre condensation or to provide membrane-augmented hybrid systems should open up. 

Klette, H., T. Peters, A. Mejdell, and R. Bredesen, Development of Palladium-Based Hydrogen Membranes for Water Gas Shift Conditions, Proceedings of Eight International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies (GHGT-8), Trondheim, June 2006. 

There are various technologies that can be used to remove unwanted components, including particulates, alkali, tars, sulfur, and ammonia, from the producer gas stream. The gas cleanup and conditioning technologies for gasification systems are outlined in this chapter. 

The grinding of crystallized chips has been well-known for about 50 years but yields problems with respect to handling and processing. Very small particle sizes can be achieved by grinding under cryogenic conditions. Lower-IV prepolymers (<0.40 dl/g) are preferred for this process. The handling of smaller particles becomes more difficult due to the increased content of fines and their separation, particularly in continuous gas flow technology. Fines are defined as extremely... 

Although the biofiltration technique using compost and peat media has been shown to be an efficient gas cleaning technology in Europe, the design and operational parameters, as well as the microbial processes involved, are still in the process of being defined. As a result, biofilters are not always readily predictable and are not necessarily operated at optimum conditions for the desired efficiency to be achieved. 

Figure 10 shows the pilot plant set up at the Institute for Environmentally Compatible Process Technology (upt). The plant comprises a unit for raw gas conditioning in which humidity, temperature and solvent concentration can be set, as well as the adsorber unit. 

Taralas, G. (1999) Modelling the Influence of Mineral Rocks, Active in Different Hot Gas Conditioning Systems and Technologies, on the Production of Light a-Olefins. Can. J. Chem. Eng., 77, 1205-1214,... 

In the present study, CH4 was adopted as help gas from a viewpoint to develop the gas-hydrate technology mentioned above. Ten C6-C8 hydrocarbons, that have various sizes and shapes, were added to CH4+H2O system for phase equilibrium measurement. The objective is to study the relations between the equilibrium conditions and the molecular sizes of LGS. The phase equilibrium relations for CH4+dimethylcyclohexane (DMCH) stereo-isomers, CH4+methylcyclohexane (MCH), CH4+cyclooctane (c-Octane), and CH4+methylcyclopentane (MCP) s-H hydrate systems were measured under four-phase equilibrium condition up to 10 MPa. The four phases were gas, water, liquid LGS, and s-H hydrate phases. In addition, the single-crystals of s-H hydrates were analyzed by Raman spectroscopy in order to obtain Raman spectra about the s-H hydrates. The CH4+1,1-DMCH and CD4+1,1-DMCH s-H hydrate systems were analyzed under four-phase equilibrium conditions up to 30 MPa. 

In summary The efficiency potential of the gas turbine technology for the conversion of high temperature heat from the HTR into electricity is - in principle - as high as that based on natural gas. Therefore it is proposed here to take the gas-plus-steam-turbine-cycle, GST, into consideration, in particular with a "3-pressure-steam-turbine-cycle". With further improvements, in particular in the gas turbine cycle, and with the assumption that the gas turbine-inlet temperature is 1 OSO (100 K more than AVR in 1974) the calculated net efficiency is 54.5 %. A particular advantage of the GST versus the gas turbine cycle with recuperation is that the core-inlet temperature is smaller at comparable efficiency conditions. 

Although proven gas turbine technology was used to the largest possible extent, the development work for HHT has shown that experimental tests of the new and vital HHT components were required. Since no test facility of sufficiently large size was avaible, it was decided to set up a new test facility at the Research Center Julich (KFA). This should meet the HHT requirements with regard to the necessary test conditions (sufficiently large helium flow, high helium temperature). 

---