Gain mechanism

Deposition is followed by compaction and lithification, during which the particles adhere to one another, open space is reduced and the rock gains mechanical strength. 

Separate studies of x-ray induced of film forming disubstituted demonstrated quantum efficiencies as In contrast to uv photons, absorbed x-ray photons provide a natural gain mechanism by creating large numbers of secondary electrons and other photons that actually cause polymerization. An example of pentacosa-11,12-diynoic acid is shown in Figure 16. 

Losing and Gaining Mechanisms of Edmination/Addition Reactions... 

Lime kilns are frequently associated with cement-making.7 The lime-sand cements in use since Roman times gain mechanical strength from the slow reaction of Ca(OH)2 with CO2 of the air to form interlocking crystals of CaCC>3. The sand acts primarily as a matrix around which this process occurs. 

Fig. 8. Ink droplet viscosity gain mechanism on a heated substrate.

Photochemically generated acid must diffuse in resist film to catalyze desired reactions and to provide a gain mechanism for amplification. However, excessive diffusion (into the unexposed areas) destroys the linewidth control and eventually the resolution. Thus, as the minimum feature size becomes smaller and smaller, the control of acid diffusion plays a more important and difficult role. Therefore, investigation of acid diffusion in chemical amplification resist film is one of the most active areas of research today. A number of experimental procedures to measure acid diffusion length have been reported [67-88] ... 

The alteration of the characteristic temperature values may be attributed to a change in the gain mechanism. It can be admitted that in the low temperature interval of 80 - 220 K, the most important account to the gain mechanism is given by the localised states created by In-rich clusters (quantum dots). The characteristic temperature of the blue lasers To = 530 K is much higher than the maximal value for merely one-dimensional confinement To = 285 K [12]. 

It should be pointed out that the gain mechanism in a PMT tube operates as a random process. The number of secondary electrons is different for each primary electron. The relative width of the distribution can be expected at least of the size of the standard deviation of a poissonian distribution, n, of the secondary emission coefficient, n, at the first dynode. Therefore the single-photon pulses obtained from a PMT have a considerable amplitude jitter, see Sect. 6.2.5, page 226. 

G. Wegmann, B. Schweitzer, M. Hopmeier, M. Oestreich, H. Giessen, R. F. Mahrt, Conjugated Polymer Lasers Emission Characteristics and Gain Mechanism. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 1999,1,1795-1800. 

Avalanche Photodiode. Whereas a p—n junction photodiode has no internal gain mechanism, an avalanche photodiode does. Thus the photosignal of an... 

This equation gives the balance of the different reactions that can occur with neutrons at a given point and energy, along with the E-effective eigenvalue, denoted by Each of the terms in the equation denotes a particular loss mechanism for the neutrons (on the left-hand side of the equation) or gain mechanisms for neutrons (on the right-hand side) ... 

---