G-Pinene

To identify the volatile components, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is still the method of choice. A comparison of the GC fingerprints of B. carter a and B. serrata reveals the different composition of the volatile fractions (Figure 16.1). Common monoterpenes, aliphatic, and aromatic compounds of olibanum are, e g., pinene, limonene, 1,8-cineole, bomyl acetate, and methyleugenol (Figure 16.2). 

Phthalic anhydride, see Benzo[a]anthracene, Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Carbaryl, Dichlone. Diethyl phthalate, Naphthalene Phthalide, see Naphthalene Phthalimide, see Phorate Picolinamide, see Dignat o-Picolinic acid, see Dignat Picric acid, see Parathion Pinacol, see Acetone Pinonaldehyde, see g-Pinene Polychlorinated dibenzofurans, see PCB-1242,... 

Hydrocarbons, rarely of the fatty series (heptane, myrcene and various paraffins), more often of the aromatic series, such as styrene and cymene, but usually terpenes, e.g. pinene, camphene, fenchene, limonene, dipentene, sylvestrene and phellandrene. 

Other cyclic monoterpenes, e.g. pinenes, form bridged structures, but the molecular formula is still C10H. ... 

Monoterpene A terpene with the molecular formula C10H16 (two isoprene units). Present in almost all essential oils depending on the distillation conditions, e.g. pinene and limonene. 

In the course of an examination of the autoxidation of terpene hydrocarbons, Bardyshev and Shavyrin have found, predictably, that those containing conjugated double bonds e.g. allo-ocimene, myrcene) are oxidized most rapidly, those with isolated double bonds or cyclopropane rings more slowly e.g. limon-ene, carene), and those with a single double bond slowest e.g. pinene). The effect of light, heat, and inhibitors was studied. ... 

Turpentine oil [8006-64-2] (DIN 53248). Only pure ethereal oil obtained from the distillation of the resinous secretion of living pine trees, and from which no valuable constituents (e.g., pinene) have been extracted, may be used as balsam terpentine oil (RAL, Sheet 848C). All turpentine oils obtained in any other way must be specially labelled with details of their source. Oils of turpentine from different countries differ in composition. American and Greek oils contain predominantly D-pinene, whereas French, Spanish, and Portuguese oils contain L-pinene. 

F. D. Petke The work I refer to by Sherriff, et al. [J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 17, 3423 (1973)] reports results of blends of natural rubber with each of four resins Pentalyn H (pentaerythritol ester of hydrogenated rosin Piccolyte S115 (poly[B-pinene]), Piccolyte S70 (poly[g-pinene]) and Arkon P125 (reported to be pol3nnerized dicyclopentadiene). 

To 19 8 of well-agitated distilled water plus 18 g of ditertiary-butyl-ppinene oxide that was about half racemic, half d-form. The temperature was maintained at 30°C to 50°C, first with ice bath cooling and then with tap water cooling. The addition of the pinene oxide required 1 h hours. After the addition was complete and the exothermic reaction was about over, the mixture was stirred for 1 h hours at about 30°C, and then centrifuged to separate the crude sobrerol from the liquid phase consisting of oil and water. 

To a stirred — 78 C solution of 5.85 mL (62.5 mmol) of 3-methoxy-l-prnpene in 25 mL of THf- are added 43.1 mL (50 mmol) of 1.16 M. vcc-butyllithium in cyclohexane over a 20-25 min period. The mixture is stirred at — 78 °C for an additional 10 min, and diisopinocampheyl(methoxy)borane [50 mmol prepared from (+ )-a-pinene] in 50 mL of THF is added. This mixture is stirred for 1 h, then 8.17 mL (66.5 mmol) of boron trifluoride diethyl etherate complex are added dropwise to give a solution of diisopiuocampheyl[(Z)-3-inethoxy-2-propenyl]borane. Immediately. 2.8 mL (50 mmol) of acetaldehyde are added and the mixture is stirred for 3 h at — 78 rC and then allowed to warm to r.t. All volatile components are removed in vacuo, then the residue is dissolved in pentane. The insoluble fraction is washed with additional pentane. The combined pentane extracts are cooled to 0 JC and treated with 3.0 mL (50 mmol) of ethanolamine. The mixture is stirred for 2 h at 0rC and is then seeded with a crystal of the diisopinocampheylborane-ethanolaminc complex. The resulting crystals arc filtered and washed with cold pentane. The filtrate is carefully distilled yield 5.6 g (57%) d.r. (synjanti) >99 1 (2/ ,37 )-isomer 90% ee bp 119-120 C/745 Torr. 

Sf.I.f-Tfst F.1B The compound a-pinene, a natural antiseptic found in the resin of the pinon tree, has been used since ancient times by Zuni healers. A 7.50-g sample of a-pinene contains 6.61 g of carbon and 0.89 g of hydrogen. What are the mass percentages of carbon and hydrogen in a-pinene ... 

NMHC. A large number of hydrocarbons are present in petroleum deposits, and their release during refining or use of fuels and solvents, or during the combustion of fuels, results in the presence of more than a hundred different hydrocarbons in polluted air (43,44). These unnatural hydrocarbons join the natural terpenes such as isoprene and the pinenes in their reactions with tropospheric hydroxyl radical. In saturated hydrocarbons (containing all single carbon-carbon bonds) abstraction of a hydrogen (e,g, R4) is the sole tropospheric reaction, but in unsaturated hydrocarbons HO-addition to a carbon-carbon double bond is usually the dominant reaction pathway. 

Corma, G.A., Eduardo Domine, M., Susarte, R.M., and Rey, G.F. (2002) MCM-41 type microporous materials containing titanium and their utilization as catalysts in a- pinene oxidation, Patent W00054880. 

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