Fungi phosphorus

N. S. Bolan, A critical review on the role of mycorrhizal fungi in the uptake of phosphorus by plants. Plant and Soil /.W 189 (1991). 

The growth of ectomycorrhizal trees is frequently improved by their increased phosphorus (P) accumulation (3), and this, in turn, is related to the intensity of the mycorrhizal infection. Ectomycorrhizal fungi solubilize insoluble forms of A1 and Ca phosphates as well as inositol hexaphosphates, though a wide interstrain variability has been recorded (112). These complex P forms are digested by the secretion of extracellular acid and alkaline phosphomono- and phosphodi-ester-ases. Pi in soil solutions is easily taken up by ectomycorrhizal hyphae and then translocated to the host roots. Its absorption and efflux are probably regulated... 

Blank RR, Young JA (2002) Influence of the exotic invasive crucifer, Lepidium latifolium, on soil properties and elemental cycling. Soil Sci 167 821-829 Bolan NS (1991) A critical review on the role of mycorrhizal fungi in the uptake of phosphorus by plants. Plant Soil 134 189-207. doi http //dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00012037 Bullock JM, Pywell RF, Burke MJW, Walker KJ (2001) Restoration of biodiversity enhances agricultural production. Ecol Lett 4 185-189... 

Ryan, M.H. and Ash, J. 1999. Effects of phosphorus and nitrogen on growth of pasture plants and AM fungi in SE Australian soils with contrasting fertiliser histories (conventional and biodynamic). Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment 73 51-62. 

Ryan, M.H., Small, D.R. and Ash, J.E. 2000. Phosphorus controls the level of colonisation by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in conventional and biodynamic irrigated dairy pastures. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 40 663-670. 

Vacuoles also contain an important phosphorus reserve in yeast and fungi (Indge, 1968a,b,c Urech et al, 1978 Cramer and Daves, 1984). Under phosphate overplus, the content of PolyP in vacuoles of Saccharomyces carlsbergensis grew dramatically (Lichko et al., 1982). Some mutants of S. cerevisiae having no vacuoles possess low levels of PolyP and are unable to grow on a medium without P (Shirahama et al., 1996). 

T. Mann (1944a). Studies on the metabolism of mould fungi. I. Phosphorus metabolismin moulds. Biochem. J., 38, 339-345. 

Biofertilizers or bioinoculants are formulates of beneficial microorganisms (bacteria and fungi), which when applied to soil, roots, or seeds enhance the availability of different nutrients to the plant because they are able to fix atmospheric nitrogen, solubilize phosphorus, and promote uptake of immobile ions and other micronutrients (Gupta et al., 2007). 

Jakobsen, I., Abbott, L. K. Robson, A. D. (1992). External hyphae of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with Trifolium subterraneum L. 1. Spread of hyphae and phosphorus inflow into roots. New Phytologist, 120, 371-80. 

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