Functional groups naming

Functional group Name as suffix Name as prefix... 

The most comprehensive modern works on the subject are the relevant volumes of Patai s series The Chemistry of Functional Groups, namely the two volumes on diazonium and diazo groups (Patai, 1978), the two volumes on hydrazo, azo, and azoxy groups (Patai, 1975) and the two Supplement C volumes on triple-bonded groups (Patai and Rappoport, 1983). Supplement C contains chapters on arene- and alkene-diazonium ions and on dediazoniation reactions. 

When numbering atoms in the chain, the lowest numbers are given preferentially to (a) functional groups named by suffixes (see Toolbox 19.1), (b) double bonds, (c) triple bonds, and (d) groups named by prefixes. 

Semitelechelic HPMA polymers were synthesized by free radical polymerization of HPMA using 2,2 -azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) as the initiator and alkyl mercaptans as chain transfer agents. Alkyl mercaptans with different functional groups, namely, 2-mercaptoethylamine, 3-mercapto-propionic acid, 3-mercaptopropionic hydrazide, and methyl 3-mercapto-propionate, were used as the chain transfer agents ST HPMA polymers... 

HDV ribozymes are derived from the genomic and the antigenomic RNAs of hepatitis delta virus [99-102]. Studies by three groups have revolutionized our understanding of the mechanism of HDV ribozyme-catalyzed reactions [28, 103, 104]. They demonstrated recently that an intramolecular functional group, namely N3 at Gye in the antigenomic HDV ribozyme and N3 at C75 in the genomic HDV ribozyme, can, in fact, act as a true catalyst. However,... 

In each category there appear, in alphabetical order, the names of the compounds, together with the code numbers assigned to them in Table I, in which the functional group named is, or may be, electroactive but compounds in which that functional group is present but not electroactive are omitted. Compounds for which the products of the half-reaction are unknown are listed under each of the groups they contain. 

Classes of compounds are defined by the functional group. There are many common names and functional group names. Multiple names are possible. 

The functional group names can be used in characterizing and describing the odours of many perfumes and some of the essential oils. Aldehydic smelling oils are due to compounds with functional groups called aldehydes, and sweet and fruity smelling oils are due to compounds with functional groups called esters. 

Sometimes a number can be included in the name to indicate which carbon atom the functional group is attached to. None of the above list needed a number—check that you can see why not for each one. When numbers are used, the carbon atoms are counted from one end. In most cases, either of two numbers could be used (depending on which end you count from) the one chosen is always the lower of the two. Again, some examples will illustrate this point. Notice again that some functional groups are named by prefixes, some by suffixes, and that the number always goes directly before the functional group name. 

Table 3.1 Structures of Some Common Functional Groups Name Structure Name ending...

You rtiU have found the carbonyl and amino groups very useful, but did you also use alkenes and aftrnes, rings, ethers, alcohols, and cyanides Here are twelve possibilities but there are many more. The functional group names in brackets are alternatives some you will not have known. You need aot have classified the alcohols and amines. 

AFFECTED FUNCTIONAL GROUP NEWLY FORMED FUNCTIONAL GROUP NAME OF TRANSFORMATION... 

Group A— Functional Groups Named Bv Prefix Or Suffix ... 

Group B—Functional Groups Named Bv Suffix Only... 

Draw full structures for these compounds, displaying the hydrocarbon framework clearly and showing all the bonds in the functional groups. Name the functional groups. 

Number the carbon chain giving preference to the functional group named by a suffix, then multiple bonds (carbon-carbon double bonds take priority over triple bonds when making a choice is necessary), then groups named with prefixes. 

Functional Group Name Family of Organic Compounds... 

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