Fuller, Richard Buckminste

Fuller, Richard Buckminster (1895-1983) is the architect and inventor of the geodesic dome, which resembles the structure of Cgo shown in Figure 7.16a. Cgo is often referred to as the buckyball. 

Another form of carbon was discovered by a group of scientists in 1985. Harry Kroto,Rich SmaUey, and Bob Curl called their discovery a buckminsterfullerene, or buckybaU, named after architect Richard Buckminster Fuller (1895—1983) for the dome-shaped buildings he designed. In a buckybaU,... 

Cgg was named buckminsterfullerene, in honor of the visionary American architect Richard Buckminster Fuller (1895-1983). Fuller is known for developing and promoting the geodesic dome, which resembles. (Buckminsterfullerene molecules are also sometimes called buckyballs.) Later, researchers discovered this molecule belongs to a family of related carbon structures, which have become known as fuller-enes. The smallest fullerene is containing 20 carbon atoms. 

The name buckminsterfullerene was given to this molecule by Kroto due to his knowledge of art and architecture, he noticed that the structure of the molecule was the same as that of the geodesic domes popularized by the famous architect Richard Buckminster Fuller. Over the years, a simphfied version of this name - fullerene - became popular. 

Buckminsterfullerene is named afterthe American inventor and architect Richard Buckminster Fuller, who designed the structures known as geodesic domes . 

Structure of Buckminsterfullerene, a spherical molecule with the formula Ceo, so named in honor of the geodesic domes of Richard Buckminster Fuller, which they resemble). We also need hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, a non-negligible dose of phosphorus, as well as some sulfur. 

Another class of carbon allotropes was discovered in 1985 by Harold W. Kroto, James R. Heath, Sean O Brien, Robert Curl, and Richard Smalley. Soccer-ball-shaped spheres of 60 carbon atoms with formulas like Cgg and C were found in carbon soot and later recognized to be ubiquitous in interstellar clouds. Cg is recognized as the most perfectly spherical known molecule. Because the arrangements of the carbon atoms resemble the architecture of geodesic domes, which were invented by Richard Buckminster Fuller, this class of carbon allotropes came to be cdXXed fullerenes. Kroto, Curl, and Smalley shared the 1996 Nobel Prize in chemistry for this discovery. 

A fullerene is any molecule made up of only carbon atoms that has a shape of a sphere, ellipsoid (a distorted sphere), or a tube. The name fullerene comes from Richard Buckminster Fuller, an architect who designed the geodesic dome (Spaceship Earth at Epcot Center is a geodesic dome). The U.S. Post Office recently commemorated Fuller and and his geodesic dome on a stamp. 

In this period, many famous architects and civil engineers carried out futuristic projects (Fig. 8.3), enveloping smaller cities or even a whole part of Manhattan, like Richard Buckminster Fullers design (Fig. 8.4). 

Dome over Manhattan by Richard Buckminster Fuller. 

Krausse, J. Lichtenstein, C., 2001. Richard Buckminster Fuller Your Private Sky - Design als Kunst einer Wissenschaft. Baden Verlag Lars MiiUer. 

In 1985 chemists created a new allotrope of carbon [1] by heating graphite to very high temperatures. They named the allotrope buckminsterfuller-ene, after American architect Richard Buckminster Fuller. The buckmin-sterfullerene is a molecule consisting of only 60 carbon atoms (with a molecular formula of C f). The molecules are shaped like tiny soccer balls (therefore sometimes referred to as buckyballs), with an atom at each point... 

Of course, avoiding the creation of pollutents is our moral duty, is at the core of sustainable chemical proceses, and is a goal at the current time. However, this comment by the famous american architect Richard Buckminster Fuller is thought provoking and a stimulus to our creative natures. 

---