Full human antibodies

Fuii Human Antibody Full human antibodies are the current engineered antibodies. Several techniques are used to construct these antibodies. One method is to fuse human B cells to myeloma cells. These hybridomas will produce fully human MAbs. Another method is to genetically alter mice in the laboratory to contain human antibody producing genes. In response to antigens, antibodies resembling the human antibodies are produced. 

The problem is the neutralizing or allergic reactions caused by the production of human anti-mouse antibodies because the body treats the MAbs as foreign (refer to Section 4.3.4). The humanization of antibodies, through chimeric to humanized and full human types, helps to address this problem. 

Fig. 1.1 SDS-Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of samples of supernatants and lysates, respectively, of a Chinese hamster ovary process and of an E. co//fermentation producing full-length human antibodies. (Image provided by Genentech Inc., courtesy Drs. Brad Snedecor and Lynne Krum-men)...

Antibodies and derivatives Immune globulin (human) against Rho (D), purified IgG Cohn fraction II BayRho-D 820 (300 pg) (full) or 137 (mini) lU vial or syringe IM NA... 

Polyclonal antibody CM-1 (BioGenex, San Ramon, CA) was raised against full-length human mutant p53 protein (Midgley et al., 1992). 

A recent study has utilized an in vivo murine tumor model expressing human HER-2 for evaluating potential HER-2 vaccines consisting of either full-length or variable subunits of HER-2 delivered in either protein or plasmid DNA form (discussed later) (Foy et al., 2001). The mechanism of protection elicited by plasmid DNA vaccination appears to be exclusively CD4-dependent and not CD8- or antibody-dependent, whereas the protection observed with intracellular domain protein vaccination requires both CD4 and CD8 T cells. However, the exact mechanism(s) responsible for immunity to DNA has not been elucidated. 

Fusion proteins that consist of recombinant forms of human proteins fused to the Fc portion of human IgG tend to be less species specific than monoclonal antibodies. Etanercept and abatacept showed cross-reactivity to rodents and rabbits, and therefore a full reproductive and developmental toxicity package could be obtained in rodents and rabbits for these agents. For alefa-cept species cross-reactivity was limited to the macaque. 

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