Fuels naphtha

ASTM (atmospheric) ASTM D 86 Petroleum fractions or products, including gasolines, turbine fuels, naphthas, kerosines, gas oils, distillate fuel oils, and solvents that do not tend to decompose when vaporized at 760 mmHg... 

A fuel closely related to gasoline is naphtha, which is also a potential fuel cell fuel. Naphtha is already produced in large quantities at refineries and is a cheaper fuel than gasoline, which must have octaneboosting additives blended into it. Unlike methanol, naphtha can be distributed in the same pipelines as gasoline. From the fuel cell s perspective, it has a higher H C ratio and lower sulfur and aromatics content than gasoline. 

The propane used was a commercially available feed supplied by Pyrofax Corp. The light kerosene, supplied by Universal Oil Products Co., had been partially desulfurized. The light fuel naphtha was obtained from Industrial Solvents Corp. The jet fuel was obtained from Humble Oil and Refining Co. Properties of the commercial feeds are given in Table I. 

Steam cracking (or middle temperature pyrolysis ) converts alkanes and refinery cuts [e.g., ethane, light fuels (naphtha)] into a mixture of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, with ethylene, propylene, butenes, butadiene, benzene, and toluene being the most valuable products. 

Poirier, M.A. George, A.E., Selective Separation and Identification of Olefins in Petroleum and Synthetic Fuel Naphtha, Fuel, 1982, 61, 182-184. 

The nitrogen test method is not applicable to light materials or those containing < 0.75 mass % nitrogen, or both, such as gasoline, jet fuel, naphtha, diesel fuel, or chemical solvents. 

Figure E-56 shows the station s basic process fiow diagram. From this diagram it can be seen that there are a number of fuel soiu-ces available to ensure continuity of process steam supply to the adjacent chemical companies. The primary fuel source is natural gas supplied from either the Central Area Transmission System (CATS) or Transco s National Transmission System. Backup fuel is available in the form of vaporized propane, which may be used to increase the natural gas Btu value as a startup fuel prior to introduction of liquid fuel. Naphtha is also available for online transfer to provide security of steam supply in the event of loss of primary fuel.

---