Fuel cell electric vehicles energy efficiency

Well-to-wheel thermodynamic efficiencies for (a) crude to regular vehicle (b) crude to hybrid vehicle (c) natural gas to all-electric vehicle (this efficiency increases to 74 respectively 80% for electricity from hydropower or renewable resources) (d) natural gas conversion to H2 and natural gas conversion to electricity followed by electrolysis to H2- Conv Conversion M motor HM hybrid B battery eM electric motor FC fuel cell. Routes a and b do not allow for the capture of C02. (From Marisvensson, A. et al., Energy, 32,437,2006.)... 

The HEI describes the amount of energy required to haul 1 kg of the vehicle over a distance of 1 km. The HEI is a measure of efficiency - it is the inverse of a vehicle L divided by the weight of the vehicle (b) Increase the efficiency of energy conversion devices such as the engine, fuel cell, electric motor and gasoline... 

The demand for transportation energy is assumed to be covered by equal amounts delivered to electric vehicles and to fuel cell-based vehicles. For the former, a 50% storage cycle loss associated with the entire battery cycle operation is assumed, and for the fuel cell-based vehicles, operation is assumed to be based upon either hydrogen or a more storable derivative (e.g., methanol). Fuel cells are considered to have a 50% conversion efficiency. In both... 

See also Batteries Capital Investment Decisions Consumption Economically Efficient Energy Choices Electricity Electric Power, Generation of Faraday, Michael Fuel Cells Fuel Cell Vehicles Magnetism and Magnets Oersted, Hans Christian Tesla, Nikola. 

Fuel cells have attracted considerable interest because of their potential for efficient conversion of the energy (AG) from a chemical reaction to electrical energy (AE). This efficiency is achieved by directly converting chemical energy to electricity. Conventional systems burn fuel in an engine and convert the resulting mechanical output to electrical power. Potential applications include stationary multi-megawatt power plants, battery replacements for personal electronics, and even fuel-cell-powered unmanned autonomous vehicles (UAVs). 

There is a major potential for energy conservation in transportation, by increasing the energy efficiency of automobiles. The recent commercialization of hybrid vehicles, which combine electric and gasoline motors, demonstrates how much more efficient automobile transport can be. Hybrid power systems deliver double the fuel efficiency of conventional engines. Moreover, as fuel cells are perfected, even greater energy efficiencies may be achieved. 

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