Fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster

Methylmercury compounds have induced abnormal sex chromosomes in the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) (NAS 1978 Khera 1979). Earthworms (Eisenia foetida) exposed to soil containing methylmercury concentrations of 5.0 mg Hg/kg — typical of soil Hg levels near chloralkali plants — showed a significant reduction in the number of segments regenerated after 12 weeks, and contained... 

Crespi et al. 1985 Ferrari et al. 1983 Mailing 1969 Principe et al. 1981 Tan and Hsie 1981). It has been tested for its ability to induce heritable mutations in vivo using fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster), mice, and rats. 1,2-Dibromoethane caused heritable mutations in male fruit flies (Kale and Baum 1979, 1981, 1982, 1983 Vogel and Chandler 1974) but not in mice (Epstein et al. 1972 Teramoto et al. 1980) or rats (Teramoto et al. 1980). 

Figure 1. Variants of the histones H3 from yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae S.c.), fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster D.m), and human Homo sapiens H.s.). H3.1 is identical to H3.2 with the exception of a serine to cysteine exchange (top). H3.3 differs from H3.1/H3.2 only in four amino acid positions. Centromer-specific histones (CenH3 s) have an amino terminus of variable length (between 20 and 200 residues). They also possess an extended loop 1 region in the histone fold domain...

CS has been tested for its capacity to induce mutations in bacteria and in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and for its capacity to cause chromosomal damage, as measured by a micronucleus test, in mice. Its capacity to bind to DNA in mammalian liver and kidney has also been studied. The results have been predominantly negative. 

Like many other Irritants, PS has not been tested thoroughly for mutagenicity. However, in one early study, Auerbach tested its capacity to Induce sex-linked recessive lethal mutations In the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. In all broods of flies derived from PS-treated males, the mutation frequencies were consistent with those of untreated laboratory stocks. A total of 4,454 chromosomes were tested, and the mutation frequency was 0.2%. In contrast, flies treated with mustard gas had a frequency of 5.2%. 

Two of the most fundamental problems in developmental biology are the manner in which cells in different regions of an embryo come to adopt different developmental programs, and the relation between such different programs. The purpose of this chapter is to indicate how bifurcations in reaction-diffusion systems may offer new insights into these problems. The discussion will center on the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. 

Diptera yponomeuta cagnagellus Fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) S (11Z) tetradec-11-en-1-ol (11E) tetradec-11-en-1-yl acetate... 

Itoh T., Yokohari F., TanimuraT. and Tominaga Y. (1991) External morphology of sensilla in the sacculus of an antennal flagellum of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (Diptera Drosophilidae). Int. J. Insect Morphol. Embryol. 20, 235-243. 

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