Fructose dehydrogenase immobilized

Electroen matic Sensing of Fructose Using Fructose Dehydrogenase Immobilized in a Self-Assembled Monolayer on Gold... 

Aqueous media, glutamine and asparagine selective measurement by near-IR spectroscopy, 116-130 Ascorbic acid, role in electroenzymatic sensing of fructose using fructose dehydrogenase immobilized in self-assembled monolayer on gold, 85,8 Asparagine selective measurement in aqueous media by near-IR spectroscopy absorption bands, 118-119 apparatus, 117... 

C.A.B. Garcia, G. de Oliveira Neto and L.T. Kubota, New fructose biosensors utilizing a polypyrrole film and D-fructose 5-dehydrogenase immobilized by different processes, Anal. Chim. Acta., 374(2-3) (1998) 201-208. 

Magno et al. [65] reported an amperometric biosensor for fructose using an electrode prepared by dispersion of MWCNT within mineral oil (60/40 % w/w) and covered by a polymer obtained from the electropolimerization of dihydroxybenzaldehyde. The fructose dehydrogenase was immobilized on different membranes placed on the top of CNTPEs and then covered with an additional polycarbonate membrane (0.03 pm pore size) to prevent fouling and microbial attack. 

Mediatorless amperometric measurement of gluconate, alcohol and fructose was demonstrated in the simple configuration of a carbon paste electrode when gluconate dehydrogenase, alcohol dehydrogenase and fructose dehydrogenase, respectively, were immobilized behind a membrane [6]. 

Many other similar applications have been reported such as the electrochemical determination of electroinactive cationic medicines,313 determination of urea,314 uric acid,315 and application to glucose biosensors to decrease interference of ascorbate, urate, and acetaminophen.316 Enzyme immobilized membranes are also sensing membranes, e.g. urea responsive membranes, poly(carboxylic acid) membranes in which urease is immobilized,317 fructose responsive membranes, and polyion complex membranes in which fructose dehydrogenase is immobilized.318 Such applications will expand further in the future and contribute to human life. 

The hydrophobic nature of membrane-bound redox enzymes, such as this fructose dehydrogenase, provides an obvious route to gentle, stabilizing immobilization in hydrophobic adsorbed layers on electrodes which mimic the cell... 

The concept of a redox-modified hydrogel has also been successfully expanded to covalently immobilized ferrocene onto linear poly-(ethyl-enimine) (LPEI)." Ferrocene-modified LPEI has been shown to effectively mediate electron transfer for a wide range of enzymes including glucose oxidase, fructose dehydrogenase, and horseradish peroxidase to produce current densities as high as 13... 

Electron Transfer Type of Dehydrogenase Sensors To fabricate an enzyme sensor for fructose, we found that a molecular interface of polypyrrole was not sufficient to realize high sensitivity and stability. We thus incorporated mediators (ferricyanide and ferrocene) in the enzyme-interface for the effective and the most sensitive detection of fructose in two different ways (l) two step method first, a monolayer FDH was electrochemically adsorbed on the electrode surface by electrostatic interaction, then entrapment of mediator and electro-polymerization of pyrrole in thin membrane was simultaneously performed in a separate solution containing mediator and pyrrole, (2) one-step method co-immobilization of mediator and enzyme and polymerization of pyrrole was simultaneously done in a solution containing enzyme enzyme, mediator and pyrrole as illustrated in Fig.22. 

Heterofermentative LAB have the capability to utilize high concentrations of fructose such that the mannitol concentration in the fermentation broth could reach more than 180g/L, which is enough to be separated from the cell-free fermentation broth by cooling crystallization. Lactic and acetic acids can be recovered by electrodialysis (Soetaert et al., 1995). The enzyme mannitol dehydrogenase responsible for catalyzing the conversion of fructose to mannitol requires NADPH (NADH) as cofactor. Thus, it is possible to develop a one-pot enzymatic process for production of mannitol from fructose if a cost-effective cofactor regeneration system can be developed (Saha, 2004). The heterofermentative LAB cells can be immobilized in a suitable support, and... 

K. Matsumoto, O. Hamada, H. Ukeda, and Y. Osajima, Amperometric Flow Injection Determination of Fructose with an Immobilized Fructose 5-Dehydrogenase Reactor. Anal. Chem., 58 (1986) 2732. 

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