Fructose dehydrogenase

Figure 17.12 Direct electrocatal3ftic oxidation of D-fnictose at a glassy carbon electrode painted with a paste of Ketjen black particles modified with D-fructose dehydrogenase from a Gluconobacter species. The enzyme incorporates an additional heme center allowing direct electron transfer from the electrode to the flavin active site. Cyclic voltammograms were recorded at a scan rate of 20 mV s and at 25 + 2 °C and pH 5.0. Reproduced by permission of the PCCP Owner Societies, from Kamitaka et al., 2007.

Fructose dehydrogenase (FDH) having pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) as a prosthetic group is an redox enzyme to catalyze the oxidation of fructose. A... 

Fig. 11 Differential pulse voltammogram of the molecularly interfaced fructose dehydrogenase (—) and simply adsorbed one...

PQQ-fructose dehydrogenase NAD(P)-fructose dehydrogenase gelatine, juice, artificial sweeteners indicator... 

Moscone et al. [49] Lactulose Milk / -Galactosidase immobilised in a reactor and fructose dehydrogenase on the electrode Pt electrode Ks[Fe(CN)6]... 

Paredes et al. [15] Fructose Honey Fruit juices Soft drinks D-PQQ-fructose dehydrogenase/physically included in the electrode matrix, also containing mediator and polyethyleneimine (PEI) Carbon paste electrode/ 0.1 V vs. Ag/AgCl Os(bpy)2Cl2 (included in the electrode matrix)... 

Campuzano et al. [29] Fructose Honey Pear juice Fructose dehydrogenase (FDH)/with glutaraldehyde Self-assembled monolayer (SAM) modified gold electrode/ +0.2 V vs. Ag/AgCl Tetrathiafiilvalene (TTF)/ with glutaraldehyde... 

Campuzano et al. [52] Lactulose Milk /3-Galactosidase (GAL) and fructose dehydrogenase (FDH)/cross-linked with glutaraldehyde MPA-SAM-modified gold electrode/+0.1 V vs. Ag/ AgCl Tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) (also cross-linked with glutaraldehyde)... 

Fructose drink, apple juice fructose dehydrogenase (MPA) self-assembled (TTF)/with... 

P.A. Paredes, J. Parellada, V.M. Fernandez, I. Katakis and E. Dominguez, Amperometric mediated carbon paste biosensor based on D-fructose dehydrogenase for the determination of fructose in food analysis, Biosens. Bioelectron., 12(12) (1998) 1233-1243. 

Magno et al. [65] reported an amperometric biosensor for fructose using an electrode prepared by dispersion of MWCNT within mineral oil (60/40 % w/w) and covered by a polymer obtained from the electropolimerization of dihydroxybenzaldehyde. The fructose dehydrogenase was immobilized on different membranes placed on the top of CNTPEs and then covered with an additional polycarbonate membrane (0.03 pm pore size) to prevent fouling and microbial attack. 

The direct electronic communication of this series of redox enzymes allows their application as bioactive sensing interfaces p-cresol [12], methylamine [14] and fructose [ 15] detection have been reported in the presence ofp-cresol methyl hydroxylase, methylamine dehydrogenase and fructose dehydrogenase, respectively. 

Mediatorless amperometric measurement of gluconate, alcohol and fructose was demonstrated in the simple configuration of a carbon paste electrode when gluconate dehydrogenase, alcohol dehydrogenase and fructose dehydrogenase, respectively, were immobilized behind a membrane [6]. 

D-Fructose dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.99.11) from Gluconobacter industrius is a 140 kDa membrane-bound quinohemoprotein with a PQQ and a heme c-containing subunit. 

Detection of oligosaccharides (e.g., stachyose, raffinose, sucrose, and fructose) in a soybean extract using invertase hydrolysis of p-o-fructo-fructoside to fructose, and further oxidation of this sugar by hexacyanoferrate (III) ion in the presence of fructose dehydrogenase (FDH). This analysis is based on a coimmobilization of invertase from Candida utilis and FDH from Gluconobacter on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) beads and coulometric quantification of the hexacyanoferrate(II) ions formed. 

Redox proteins that include quinone cofactor units play important roles in biological ET processes. Some of the quinoproteins include the quinone cofactor in a non-covalently linked configuration, such as the pyrroloquinoline quinone, PQQ, dependent enzymes, whereas other quinoproteins include the quinone cofactor covalently-linked to the protein, for example topaquinone (2,4,6-trihydroxyphenylalanine quinone, TPQ) dependent enzymes. A number of quinoproteins include in addition to the quinone cofactor an ET cofactor unit in another protein subunit. These cofactors may be metal ions or a cytochrome-type heme cofactor such as D-fructose dehydrogenase that is a heme containing PQQ-dependent enzyme. ... 

T. Ikeda, F. Matushita and M. Senda, D-Fructose dehydrogenase-modified carbon paste electrode containing p-benzoquinone as a mediated amperometric fructose sensor, Agric. Biol. Chem. 54(11), 2919-24 (1990). (fructose in fruits). 

D-Fructose dehydrogenase. D-fructose + acceptor = 5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced acceptor. 

Potential-controlled adsorption of fructose dehydrogenase onto a platinum electrode Fructose [50]... 

Many other similar applications have been reported such as the electrochemical determination of electroinactive cationic medicines,313 determination of urea,314 uric acid,315 and application to glucose biosensors to decrease interference of ascorbate, urate, and acetaminophen.316 Enzyme immobilized membranes are also sensing membranes, e.g. urea responsive membranes, poly(carboxylic acid) membranes in which urease is immobilized,317 fructose responsive membranes, and polyion complex membranes in which fructose dehydrogenase is immobilized.318 Such applications will expand further in the future and contribute to human life. 

S Yabuki, F. Mizutani, Y. Hirata, Current response to D-fructose based on electron transfer from fructose dehydrogenase incorporated in a polyion complex membrane, Bunseki Kagaku, 1998, 47, 1103-1105. 

Tkac, J. Vostiar, I. Sturdik, E. Gemeiner, P. Mastihuba, V. Annus, J. Fructose biosensor based on d-fructose dehydrogenase immobilised on a ferrocene-embedded cellulose acetate membrane. Anal. Chim. Acta 2001, 439, 39—46. 

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