IR spectroscopy Fourier Transform

Sodium and ammonium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl ethoxysulfate, and several shampoos containing these sulfates have been analyzed directly by Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR) with a special sample cell, called... 

The formation of appreciable quantities (up to "oQ0% based on the initial additive concentration) of the grafted substituted hydroxylamine O W0PP as from reaction 7) in photo-degrading PPH can be demonstrated by indirect methods (10, 11). For example after the rapid loss of the initial concentration of a piperidine or its nitroxide in PPH film, heating the film immersed in isooctane for several hours at 100 C in the presence of oxygen causes the re-appearance of nitroxide in appreciable quantities as measured by e.s.r. spectroscopy (ll). This nitroxide most likely results from a reaction analogous to reaction 8 (l2). In addition we have observed the ) N-0-C band (at 1306 cm 1) in the infrared spectrum of irradiated, nitroxide-containing PP films by Fourier Transform IR spectroscopy (ll)., ... 

These several techniques for the solid-solution interface give different kinds of information. However, the one which gives most information about the nature of entities on the surface, and potentially near the surface, is fourier transform IR spectroscopy, which is not restricted to a particular metal, or, indeed, to the type of substrate (except that this must be reflecting). 

Penkova, A., Dzwigaj, S., Kefirov, R., Hadjiivanov, K., and Che, M. (2007) Effed of preparation method on the state of BEA zeolites. A study by Fourier transform Ir spectroscopy of adsorbed CO and NO, temperature programmed reductions, and x-ray... 

The electrodes modified by hexacyano-ferrates compounds were also used as voltammetric sensors [409-412]. The cadmium hexacyanoferrate-based composite ion-sensitive electrode for voltammetry was explored by Scholz and coworkers [409]. The potential of such electrode depends linearly on the logarithm of concentration of alkali and alkaline-earth metals ions in the solutions. Bo and fin have studied [410] Prussian blue (PB)/Pt modified electrode in GdGh electrolyte by cyclic voltammetry and in situ Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR) spectro-electrochemistry. Cadmium hexacyanofer-rates were formed on a PB film. 

Van Soest, J. J. G., Tournois, H., de Wit, D., Vliegenthart, J. F. G. (1995). Short-range structure in (partially) crystalline potato starch determined with attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy. Carbohydrate Research, 279, 201-214. 

Numerous analyses in the quality control of most kinds of samples occurring in the flavour industry are done by different chromatographic procedures, for example gas chromatography (GC), high-pressure liquid chromatography (fiPLC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE). Besides the different IR methods mentioned already, further spectroscopic techniques are used, for example nuclear magnetic resonance, ultraviolet spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy (MS) and atomic absorption spectroscopy. In addition, also in quality control modern coupled techniques like GC-MS, GC-Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, HPLC-MS and CE-MS are gaining more and more importance. 

Haris, P.I., Chapman, D. (1995).The conformational analysis of peptides using Fourier transform IR spectroscopy. Biopolymers, 37(4), 251-263. 

A review by Dong et al. [3.57] provides an overview of how Fourier transform IR spectroscopy can be used to study protein stabilization and to prevent lyophilization- induced protein aggregation. An introduction to the study of protein secondary structures and the processing and interpretation of protein IR spectra is given. 

Prestrelski et al. [3.58] studied the pH conditions and different stabilizers to provide optimum storage stability for IL-2 by Fourier transform IR spectroscopy. Different pH conditions in the absence of excipients change the dry state conformation of... 

Bioactive macromolecules like peptides, proteins, and nucleic acids have been successfully embedded in planar LbL films. An important question is the retention of the bioactivity of the film-embedded biomolecules. The structural properties and stability of the LbL films formed from synthesized polypeptides of various amino acid sequences were recently reported [50]. The authors showed that control over the amino acid sequence enables control over non-covalent interpolypeptide interaction in the film, which determines the film properties. Haynie and coworkers showed by circular dichroism spectroscopy that the extent of adsorption of poly(L-glutamic acid) (PGA) and poly(L-lysine) (PLL) in the LbL films scales with the extent of secondary structure of the polypeptides in solution [51]. Boulmedais demonstrated that the secondary structure of the film composed of these polypeptides is the same as the peptide structure in the complex formed in solution [52], as found by Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FUR). 

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