Soda-lime formulation

In 1931 Ing pointed out that formula (II) and (III) do not contain methyl or potential methyl groups in j ositions 6 and 8 which they occupy in cytisoline. Further, a partially reduced quinoline ought to oxidise easily to a benzenecarboxylic acid and so far the only simple oxidation, products recorded from cytisine were ammonia, oxalic acid and isovaleric acid. Distillation of cytisine with zinc dust or soda-lime yields pyrrole and pyridine, but no quinoline. On these grounds Ing suggested that cytisine should be formulated without a quinoline nucleus, and that the reactions which indicate the presence of an aromatic nucleus in the alkaloid can be accounted for by an a-pyridone ring. This a-pyridone nucleus can... 

The structure of the isomer obtained on soda lime distillation is uncertain, but it is probably best formulated as XXX, since its spectrum is closely similar to that of quindoline. Cryptolepine has a significant hypotensive activity, and has been reported to cause a marked and prolonged fall in blood pressure in dogs (139, 140). 

Displays are produced with soda-lime-sihca or other types of glasses. These glasses have softening points of less than 650°C. Thus, dielectric formulations with a CTE matched to display glass panels and fireahle at temperatures less than 600°C have been developed. 

Seawater muds are composed of bentonite, thinner (lignosulfonate or lignosulfonate and lignite), and an organic filtration control agent. The typical formulation of a seawater mud is 3.5 Ib/bbl of alkali (2 Ib/bbl caustic soda and 1.5 Ib/bbl lime), 8 to 12 Ib/bbl of lignosulfonate, and 2 to 4 Ib/bbl of bentonite to maintain viscosity and filtration. Another approach is to use bentonite/thinner (ligno-sulfonate)/freshwater premix, and mix it with seawater that has been treated for hardness. This technique will be discussed in the saturated saltwater muds section. 

The application of water spray and foam produced a hot nonfuming solution of H2SO4 at the end of the mitigation procedure. This solution should be neutralized before disposal. Different substances, such as lime, soda ash, pot-ash, lime stone, and Spill-X-A, could be applied for this purpose. Spill-X-A neutralization was selected in these tests because of the ease of application into the solution and also because it has been formulated to minimize the heat of reaction and result in a nonhazardous waste. 

There are a number of other glass recipe variations that may be used to yield desired properties. Most likely, these formulations were discovered by accident or in a trial-and-error manner, using materials from their locale and measuring the resultant properties. For instance, the Europeans were the first to discover that K2O, obtained locally from plant ash, could also be combined with lime and quartz to yield a potash-lime glass, later exploited for stained-glass windows. Another popular variation substitutes boric oxide (B2O3) for lime and soda to yield... 

---