Forensic sciences illicit drugs

See also-. Forensic Sciences Illicit Drugs. Immunoassays Production of Antibodies. Polymerase Chain Reaction. 

For example, HPLC and HPCE have shown great promise in forensics, the application of science to the judicial process. In forensics, HPLC and HPCE have been used to test for illicit drugs, gunshot residues and explosive constituents, pen inks, modified proteins, and nucleic adds. This chapter demonstrates the advantages in the application of these methods, particularly HPCE, to forensics. As the material illustrates, one reason for the success of these methods is that of necessity forensics deals with minute amounts of sample. The capacity to perform analytical assays under these restrictive conditions is but one factor in the success of HPLC and HPCE for the tasks of forensic work. 

This chapter introduced the application of HPLC and HPCE to forensics, the use of science in the judicial process. We explored how these separation techniques are used in testing for illicit drugs, gunshot residues and explosive constituents, pen inks, modified proteins, and nucleic acids. 

During the last decade, capillary electrophoresis (CE) has developed into a widely applied method for the analysis of pharmaceuticals (both for the evaluation of pharmaceutical formulations and metabolites). These applications established the basis for introducing CE into the forensic held also. Today, capillary electrophoresis can be applied to a number of analytical problems in forensic science, including the analysis of gunshot residues, explosives, inks, dusts, soils, and, of course, illicit drugs, diverse toxicants, DNA hngerprinting, protein analysis, and so forth (for reviews, see Refs. 1 and 2). 

See alsa Chemometrics and Statistics Multivariate Classification Techniques. Forensic Sciences Drug Screening in Sport Illicit Drugs Thin-Layer Chromatography. Gas Chromatography Overview Mass Spectrometry Forensic Applications. Liquid Chromatography Clinical Applications. Microscopy Applications Forensic. Spot Tests. 

See alsa Chromatography Multidimensional Techniques. Environmental Analysis. Extraction Solid-Phase Extraction. Food and Nutritional Analysis Sample Preparation Contaminants Pesticide Residues. Forensic Sciences Drug Screening in Sport Illicit Drugs. Herbicides. Liquid Chromatography Instrumentation Clinical Applications Food Applications. Mass Spectrometry Peptides and Proteins. Pesticides. Pharmaceutical Analysis Sample Preparation. Proteomics. Sample Handling Automated Sample Preparation. Water Analysis Organic Compounds. 

Private Laboratories. A number of private forensic science laboratories operate throughout the United States. The majority of these laboratories offer expertise in one or two areas (for example, analysis of illicit drugs and trace evidence) rather than a full range of services. The vast majority of these laboratories focus on DNA analysis, particularly paternity testing. Because these laboratories are privately funded, their services are offered to the general public and are not limited to law enforcement agencies. 

Tagliato, F., et al. "Capillary Electrophoresis Principles and Applications in Illicit Drug Analysis." Forensic Science International, T11996,211-229. 

Esseiva, P., et al. "A Methodology for Illicit Heroin Seizures Comparison in a Drug Intelligence Perspective Using Large Databases." Forensic Science International, 132 2003,139-252. 

---