Fluoxetine in depression

Cornelius JR, Salloum IM, EhlerJG, et al Fluoxetine in depressed alcoholics a doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial. Arch Gen Psychiatry 54 700—705, 1997 Cornelius JR, Salloum IM, Haskett RF, et al Fluoxetine versus placebo for the marijuana use of depressed alcoholics. Addict Behav 24 111—114, 1999 Cui S-S, Bowen RC, Gu G-B, et al Prevention of cannabinoid withdrawal syndrome by lithium involvement of oxytocinergic neuronal activation. J Neurosci 21 9867— 9876, 2001... 

Cornelius, 1., Salloum, I., Ehler, 1. et al. Double-blind fluoxetine in depressed alcoholic smokers. Psychopharmacol. Bull. 33 165, 1997. 

Emslie, G., Rush, A.J., Weinberg, A.W, Kowatch, R.A., Hughes, C.W, Carmody, T., and Rintelmann J. (1997b) A doubleblind, randomized placebo-controlled trial of fluoxetine in depressed children and adolescents. Arch Gen Psychiatry 54 1031-1037. 

Sovner et al. (1998) have done an excellent job summarizing the data on antidepressants in patients with developmental disabilities. There have been nine reports of antidepressant use in adults with depression and MR and three reports of antidepressant use in children and adolescents. Eight of nine reports in adults were positive. The drugs studied included nialimide (n = 27), fluoxetine (9), imipramine (6), amoxapine (2), and nortriptyline (1) (total n = 45). In addition, Sovner et al. identified four reports of antidepressant use in children. One involved successful treatment with fluoxetine in an adolescent, another indicated efficacy with imipramine and amitriptyline in 9 of 12 children (Do-sen, 1982), and a third showed successful management in 3 of 4 children treated with imipramine or tryptophan plus nicotinamide (Dosen, 1990). One study of fluoxetine in depressed children with autism and MR witnessed improvement in depression but not in compulsive symptoms (Ghaziuddin and Tsai, 1991). 

Newhouse, PA., Rama Krishnan, K.R., Doraiswamy, P.M., et ah A double-blind comparison of sertraline and fluoxetine in depressed elderly outpatients. J. Clin. Psychiatry 61, 559-568, 2000. 

De Wilde J, Spiers R, Mertens C, et al. A double-blind, comparative, multicentre study comparing paroxetine with fluoxetine in depressed patients. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1993 87 141-145. 

Cornelius JR, Salloum IM, Ehler JG, et al. Fluoxetine in depressed alcoholics a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1997 54 700-705. 

Roose SP, Glassman AH, Attia E, Woodring S, Giardina EG, Bigger JT Jr. Cardiovascular effects of fluoxetine in depressed patients with heart disease. Am J Psychiatry 1998 155(5) 660-5. 

Dean AJ, Bell J, Mascord DJ, et al A randomized, controlled trial of fluoxetine in methadone maintenance patients with depressive symptoms. J Affect Disord 72 ... 

Beuzen JN, Ravily VF, Soutre EF, Thomander L (1993). Impact of fluoxetine on work loss in depression. Int Clin PsychopharmacoU 8> 319-21. 

Le Pen C, Levy E, Ravily J, et al (1994). The cost of treatment dropout in depression. A cost-benefit analysis of fluoxetine vs tricyclics. /... 

The initial dose of SSRI is similar to that used in depression. Patients should be titrated as tolerated to response. Many patients will require maximum recommended daily doses. Patients with comorbid panic disorder should be started on lower doses (Table 37-4). When discontinuing SSRIs, the dose should be tapered slowly to avoid withdrawal symptoms, with the possible exception of fluoxetine. Relapse rates may be as high as 50%, and patients should be monitored closely for several weeks.58 Side effects of SSRIs in SAD patients are similar to those seen in depression and most commonly include nausea, sexual dysfunction, somnolence, and sweating. 

Shen, Y. F., Li, H. F., Ma, C. et al. (2005). Comparison of reboxetine with fluoxetine in treatment of depressions randomized double-blind multicenter study. Chinese Journal of New Drugs and Clinical Remedies, 24(8), 619-23. 

An open-label study of paroxetine and fluoxetine (Alonso et al, 1997) in depressed Hispanic (Mexican descent, n = 13) and non-Hispanic females (n = 13) showed no differences in response rates. At variance with the tricyclic data, Hispanic subjects complained of fewer side effects (2.2 2.0 vs. 5.1 2.5 p < 0.005), but twice as many terminated participation prior to study completion due to non-compliance, intolerable side effects or pregnancy. 

Wagner, G. J., Mague, S. Rabkin, J. G. (1998). Ethnic differences in response to fluoxetine in a controlled trial with depressed HIV-positive patients. Psychiatr. Serv., 9, 239-40. 

The efficacy of fluoxetine in treating patients with moderate depression is comparable to the efficacy of tricyclic antidepressants. It is capable of elevating mood and removing feelings of fear and stress. It does not have a sedative effect. Fluoxetine is used in depression as well as in bulemic neuroses. Use of fluoxetine is preferred in cases when sedative, hypotensive, and anticholinergic side effects caused by other antidepressants are con-traindicative to patients. Prozac is a synonym for fluoxetine. 

Altemus M, Cizza G, Gold P (1992) Chronic fluoxetine treatment reduces hypothalamic vasopressin secretion in vitro. Brain Res 593 311-313 Appenrodt E, Schnabel R, Schwarzberg H (1998) Vasopressin administration modulates anxiety-related behavior in rats. Physiol Behav 64 543-547 Arborelius L, Owens MJ, PlotskyPM, Nemeroff CB (1999) The role of corticotropin-releasing factor in depression and anxiety disorders. J Endocrinol 160 1-12 Argiolas A, Gessa GL (1991) Central functions of oxytocin. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 15 217-231... 

Preskorn S (1994) Targeted pharmacotherapy in depression management comparative pharmacokinetics of fluoxetine, paroxetine and sertraline. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 9(Suppl3) 13-19... 

A multicenter trial comparing more appropriate doses of imipramine (75 mg twice daily, N = 167) and St. John s wort extract (250 mg twice daily standardized to 0.2% hypericin, N = 157) showed no difference in efficacy after 6 weeks of treatment. However, St. John s wort seemed to reduce anxiety symptoms more often than imipramine and was better tolerated (Woelk, 2000). A study including 240 participants compared St. John s wort with fluoxetine in mild to moderate depression and also concluded that efficacy of both treatments was comparable (Schrader, 2000). These results have been replicated in a smaller trial us-... 

Amsterdam, J.D., Garcia-Espana, F., Fawcett, J., Quitkin, EM., Reimherr, F.W., Rosenbaum, J.F., Schweizer, E., and Beasley, C. (1998) Efficacy and safety of fluoxetine in treating bipolar II major depressive episode. / Clin Psychopharmacol 18 435-440. 

Cornelius, J., Bukstein, O., Birmaher, B., Salloum, O., Lynch, K., Pollock, N., Gershon, S., and Clark, D. (2001) Fluoxetine in adolescents with major depression and alcohol use disorder an open-label trial. Addict Behav 26 735—739. 

Riggs, P., Mikulich, S., Coffman, L., and Crowley, T. (1997) Fluoxetine in drug-dependent delinquents with major depression an open trial. J Child Adolesc Psychopharm 7 87-95. 

Ghaziuddin, M. and Tsai, L. (1991) Fluoxetine in autism with depression./ Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 30 508—509. 

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