Flower anatomy

The leaves of Erythroxylon coca, the divine plant of the Incas, contain a local anesthetic and a psychostimulant. Erythroxylaceae is a very small family, represented by two genera, the more important of which is Erythroxylon. They are mostly tropical shrubs with entire leaves and 5-merous flowers, and the fruit is a 1-seeded, reddish drupe resembling that of dogwood. The anatomy of the plants of this family closely resembles that of the Linaceae. Of special interest is the development of papillae on the dorsal surface of the leaves. This is found in most species of Erythroxylon. 

DAVIS, A. R., PYLATUIK, J. D., PARADIS, J. C., LOW, N. H., Nectar-carbohydrate production and composition vary in relation to nectary anatomy and location within individual flowers of several species of Brassicaceae, Planta, 1998,205,305-318. 

Wood is the structural aerial component of trees. The rest of their anatomy, namely roots, leaves, flowers and fruits, are not relevant to the aim of this book, and will therefore not be dealt with. 

Samain, M. S., Vrijdaghs, A., Hesse, M. et al. (2010). Verhuellia is a segregate lineage in Piperaceae more evidence from flower, fruit and pollen morphology, anatomy and development). Annals of Botany, 105, 677-688. 

HochwaUner, H. and Weber, A. (2006). Flower development and anatomy of Clusia valerioi, a Central American species of Clnsiaceae offering floral resin. Flora, 201,407-418. 

Kaul, R. B. (1967). Ontogeny and anatomy of the flower of Limnocharis flava (Butomaceae). American Journal of Botany, 54, 1223-1230. 

Nair, N. C. and Nathawat, K. S. (1958). Vascular anatomy of some flowers of Zygophyllaceae. Journal of the Indian Botanical Society, 10,175-180. 

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