Flat sheet disk membrane

FIGURE 2 Photo of stack of flat sheet disk membrane adsorbers in a filter holder. (Courtesy of Sartorius Corp.)... 

Table 3.1 summarizes the configurations of carbon membranes found in the ht-erature. It is noticed that most of the carbon membranes produced from the 1980s to early the 1990s are flat disk or flat sheet membranes. Only in the middle of the 1990s, carbon membranes supported on tubes were fabricated, followed by carbon capillary membranes and carbon hollow fiber membranes. Flat sheet carbon membranes are more suitable for laboratory or research applications while carbon membranes supported on tube, carbon capillary membranes and carbon hollow fiber membranes are more practical and suitable to apply in industry. 

In chromatographic separations using flat sheet membranes, compact porous disks, fibers, tubes, or rods, the interaction between the ligate molecule and the immobilized ligand takes place in the through-pores of the matrix and not in the dead-end pores of the conventional packed-bed particles. This method resembles affinity membrane separation with a very short affinity chromatography column [2]. 

Laboratory studies were done with flat-sheet membrane. Membrane coupons were mounted as disks in high pressure test cells. With safety considerations CO2 in nitrogen (instead of methane) was used as feed in order to avoid the explosion potential with... 

Figure 16.19 shows the expanded view of a conventional, stacked-disk plate-and-frame CEDI module (stack). Inside one end of the module is the cathode and inside the other end is the anode. Between the cathode and anode are layers of flat-sheet cation- and anion- exchange membranes separated by spacers that act as alternating diluting (product) and concentrating (reject) compartments. Resin is placed in the diluting compartments, as shown in Figure 16.20a. Note that in the newer all filled configurations, all compartments are filled with ion exchange resin as shown in Figure 16.20b. An electrical potential is applied to the stack (100-600 volts DC at 3-10 amps) that drives ions toward the respective cathode or anode. (The amount of current drawn from the power supply is...

Figure 1.15 Typical structure of the disk/flat sheet membrane reactor.

There are three main types of dense ceramic membranes disk/flat sheet, tubular, and hollow fibers. The disk/flat sheet membranes are applied mostly in research work because they can be fabricated easily in laboratories with a small amount of membrane material. Comparatively, the hollow fiber membranes can provide the largest membrane area per volume but low mechanical strength, while the tubular membranes possess a satisfactory specific membrane area, high mechanical strength, and are easy to assemble in membrane reactors. Dense ceramic MRs can be constructed and operated in either packed bed MR or catalytic MR configurations. 

Similar to polymeric membranes, there are three main types of ceramic membrane geometries, disk/flat-sheet, tubular, and hoUow-liber, which are normally... 

Disc/flat-sheet membrane reactors are mostly applied in research work because they can be fabricated easily in laboratory with a small amount of membrane material. Figure 7.11 shows the structure of the disc/flat-sheet membrane reactor. The membrane disc is mounted between two vertical ceramic or quartz tubes, and then placed in a bigger quartz tube. Pyrex or gold gaskets are used to obtain an effective seal between the disk and the walls of the inner tubing at high temperatures by placing the assembly in... 

Commercialized inorganic membranes exist in three configurations disks or sheets, tubes and multichannels/honeycombs. Usually, flat disks or sheets are limited to small scale industrial, medical and laboratory applications. They are used almost exclusively in flow-through filtration in contrast to cross-flow filtration in tubes and multichannel monoliths. Meanwhile, tubes and monoliths are used for various industrial applications [2, 4]. 

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