Flash liberation

This procedure is called flash vaporization, flash liberation, pressure-volume relations, constant composition expansion, or flash expansion. 

Why is the relative volume of a flash liberation equal to 1.0000 at die bubble point Why is the relative oil volume of a differential liberation not equal to 1.0000 at the bubble point ... 

A system at 60° F contains one mole of propane and one mole of n-octane. Assuming ideal-solution behavior calculate (a) r at 60° F for a flash liberation from the bubble point to 14.7 psia (b) at the bubble point. 

G is a split flow. The fluid comes in and goes both way.s around the longitudinal baffle and then exits. H is very rare a double split flow. J is a divided flow. K is a kettle type reboiler, which is a special type and is best explained by looking at the example AKT in Figure 3-9. Kettle types are common where there is a boiling liquid or where gas is liberated from shell fluid as it is heated. The weir controls the liquid, making sure the tubes are always immersed in liquid. Gas that flashes from the liquid can exit the top nozzle. 

In the design of all parts of a system, special consideration should be given to the large amount of flash vapor liberated on the reduction of pressure. Because of the high ratio of specific heat to latent heat, much more flash vapor is liberated with Dowtherm A than with steam. Consequendy, all constrictions that would cause high pressure drops should be avoided. 

Acetylsultam 15 is also used for stereoselective syntheses of a-unsubstituted /1-hydroxy-carboxylic acids. Thus, conversion of 15 into the silyl-A/O-ketene acetal 16 and subsequent titanium(IV) chloride mediated addition to aldehydes lead to the predominant formation of the diastereomers 17. After separation of the minor diastereomer by flash chromatography, alkaline hydrolysis delivers /f-hydroxycarboxylic acids 18, with liberation of the chiral auxiliary reagent 1919. 

Images flashed before my mind s eye Nicholas Flamel and his wife, Pemelle, their legendary love affair and their unknown end. Mutus Liber ("the silent book") depicts a... 

The oxidation of water to dioxygen occurs as the consequence of Photosystem 11-dependent generation of a very strong oxidant. Protons liberated by the water-oxidation reaction then contribute to the thylakoid transmembrane electrochemical gradient that drives ATP synthesis. Brudvig et aL describe how flash-induced proton-release measurements have resolved key steps that provide insights on how the 02-evolving center of PSll mediates this four-electron oxidation of water. 

Method A Reaction of optically active alcohol (amine) with (i ,5)-PBA-anhydridc in pyridine34 and flash chromatography of the neutral components provides a mixture of diastereomeric esters (amides), which contains predominantly a carbonyl component with the opposite configuration of the liberated free acid. 

Flash Point Temperature The lowest temperature a liquid may be and still have the capability of liberating flammable vapor at a sufficient rate that, when united widi the proper amounts of air, the air-fuel mixture will flash if a source of ignition is presented. The amounts of vapor being released at the exact flash point temperature will not sustain the fire and, after flashing across the liquid surface, the flame will go out. 

Sensitivity to heat is expressed in terms of the temperature at which ignition, explosion or flashing of an explosive occurs. The application of heat is the simplest way of initiation of explosives and leads to explosion when heat is liberated by a reaction at a greater rate than heat is lost [39]. This has been discussed in detail... 

---