Flammability risk

Those titles prefixed in the text with a dagger to show high flammability risks are prefixed similarly in this index. The four character numbers following the names or synonyms are the serial numbers of the entries, not page numbers. 

Microwave heating and catalysis have been successfully used in the solvent-free synthesis of cosmetic fatty esters (Villa et al., 2003). Two kinds of reaction were performed acid-catalysed esterification (Figure 3.11) and phase-transfer catalysed alkylations, both reactions affording near quantitative yields when microwave heating was used. It should be noted that diethyl ether and water were used in the purification of the product, and alternative purification/separation procedures would be required if this process was performed on an industrial scale, due to the flammability risk of diethyl ether. 

EXPLOSION and FIRE CONCERNS combustible solid liquid formulations containing organic solvents may be flammable risk of fire and explosion if formulations contain flammable or explosive solvents incompatible with alkaline materials and strong oxidizers on combustion, forms toxic and corrosive fumes of hydrogen ehloride use water spray, powder, alcohol foam, or carbon dioxide for firefighting purposes. 

The risks associated with compressed and liquefied gases vary and can include, but are not limited to, flammability, risk of explosion and risk of... 

Although the traditional production method of maleic anhydride was the oxidation of benzene or other aromatic compounds, butane partial oxidation has recently been used for this purpose. This substitution is mainly because of the lower price, flammability risk, and toxicity of butane. In this process, the reactant stream of n-butane and air mixture enters the packed bed or fluidized bed reactor at a temperature of 120—150 °C and a pressure of 2—3 atm and undergoes the following reaction ... 

Experiments done on polymers for the insulation of cables used in buildings (Hypalon, PVC, PE, PP, Teflon and others) indicate that these materials constitute in general a relatively low flammability risk in terms of flame spread rate or thermal exposure to their environment. However, most of them release smoke components that are both corrosive and toxic [134, 135]. 

Table A1-4 (Flammability) is sorted first based on the type of each solvent in alphabetical order (acids, alcohols, aromatics...specials) second within types based on flash point — with the highest values first and third based on lower explosive limit (LEE) from highest to lowest. In other words, within type, solvents are sorted based on the ones with the least flammability risk bdng listed first.

Concentrated acetic acid is corrosive and must, therefore, be handled with appropriate care, since it can cause skin burns, permanent eye damage, and irritation to the mucous membranes. These bums or blisters may not appear until hours after exposure. Latex gloves offer no protection, so specially resistant gloves, such as those made of nitrile mbber, are worn when handling the compound. Concentrated acetic acid can be ignited with difficulty in the laboratory. It becomes a flammable risk if the ambient temperature exceeds 39 °C (102 °F), and can form explosive mixtures with air above this temperature (explosive limits 5.4-16%). 

The earliest thermoplastics were the cellulosics. Celluloid or cellulose nitrate, followed by cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate and, more recently, cellulose propionate, have all found their special uses, but cellulose nitrate is used very little currently because of flammability risks. 

P.2d 1181, 1972)), On the other hand, the court in the case Indiana Harbor Belt Co, V, American Cyanamid Co, (916 F, 2d 1174 (7th Cir, 1990)) ruled that "there was no reason. .. for believing that a negligence regime is not perfectly adequate to remedy and deter at reasonable cost, the accidental spillage of acrylonitrile from railroad cars." Acrylonitrile is one of the nastier substances moved by rail. The AAR s Emergency Action Guide gives it a risk factor of four on a scale of one to four for health risks, and a three for flammability risk. 

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