Fire Protection Handbook

The autoignition temperature is the minimum temperature required for self-sustained combustion in the absence of an external ignition source. The value depends on specified test conditions. Tht flammable (explosive) limits specify the range of concentration of the vapor in air (in percent by volume) for which a flame can propagate. Below the lower flammable limit, the gas mixture is too lean to burn above the flammable limit, the mixture is too rich. Additional compounds can be found in National Fire Protection Association, National Fire Protection Handbook, 14th ed., 1991. 

Fire Protection Handbook, I8th ed.. National Fire Protection Association, Boston, Mass., 1995. 

D. R. Scarbrough, in Fire Protection Handbook, 17th ed., NFPA, 1991, Chapt. 02-12. 

Ford, C L In NFPA Fire Protection Handbook, 15th ed, National Fne Protection Association Quincy, MA, 1981, pp 18-21... 

Figure 7-49A. Variation of lower flammable limits with temperature and pressure. Reprinted by permission from Fire Protection Handbook, 17th Ed. (1991), National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA 02269 [34].

National Fire Protection Association, Fire Protection Handbook (16th ed.), NFPA, Quincy, MA, USA (1986)... 

Tewarson, A., "Generation of Heat and Chemical Compounds in Fires," Fire Protection Handbook of the Society of the Fire Protection Engineering, 1988, edited by J.P. Dinenno, Chapter 1-13, p. 1-179, The National Fire Protection Association Press, Quincy, MA. 

Fire Protection Handbook, 14th ed. (Boston National Fire Protection Association, 1976), ch. 5. 

NFPA Fire Protection Handbook 100% capacity of largest tank plus allowance for space of other tanks. No Mention. Higher than 1.8 m (6 ft.) not desirable. 

Sources Perry s Chemical Engineer s Handbook Marks Mechanical Engineer Handbook NFPA 422M Table NFPA Fire Protection Handbook... 

CoteA.E., and Linville, J.L. Fire Protection Handbook, I7thed NFPA principal editors. Quincy MA NFPA., 1997... 

National Fire Protection Handbook National Fire Protection Association 1 Batterymarch Park P.O. Box 9101... 

Each year, statistics on causes and occupancies of fires and deaths resulting from fire are compiled and published. NFPA sponsors seminars on the Life Safety Codes, National Electrical Code, industrial fire protection, hazardous materials, transportation emergencies, and other related topics. NFPA also conducts research programs on delivery systems for public fire protection, arson, residential fire sprinkler systems, and other subjects. NFPA publications include National Fire Codes Annual, Fire Protection Handbook, Fire Journal and Fire Technology. 

Cote, A. (Ed.), Fire Protection Handbook. 20th edn., National Fire Protection Association Quincy, MA, 2008. DiNenno, P. (Ed.), The SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering. 3rd edn., Society of Fire Protection Engineers Bethesda, MD, 2002. 

There can also be a flammability limit associated with dust clouds. The flammability limits of combustible dusts are reported as the minimum explosion concentrations. The upper explosion limits for dust clouds have not been determined due to experimental difficulties. In the fourteenth edition of the Fire Protection Handbook [National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), Boston, MA, 1975], numerous results from the U.S. Bureau of Mines reports are listed. These results were obtained with dusts 74 fim or smaller. It should be noted that variations in minimum explosive concentrations will occur with change in particle diameter, i.e., the minimum explosive concentration is lowered as the diameter of the particle decreases. Other conditions which affect this limit are sample purity, oxygen concentration, strength of ignition source, turbulence, and uniformity of the dispersion. The NFPA tabulation is most extensive and includes data for dusts from agricultural materials, carbonaceous matter, chemicals, drugs, dyes, metals, pesticides, and various plastic resins and molding compounds. Except for metal... 

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