Fining steps

In the first picture, numerous stripes seen on the slope are the fine steps. The top of the crystal soon became flat, and then became like the top of a hammer. As time passed by, the top became bigger, and then, a rectangular pillar formed. 

The conversion of mettirhodopsin II to mettirhodopsin III is relatively slow, with a time course of minutes. It is the result of phosphorylation of serine residues in the protein catalyzed hy rhodopsin kineise. The fined step is hydrolysis to release all-tra/rs-retinaldehyde and opsin. 

The preparation of vinyl compounds (6) according to the Staudinger procedure has been described. The conversion of the formyl directive (6b) to (8b) occurs via a fine step procedure of which the formation of (7) is the first step. The third generation dendron (8) has 16 chorine atoms at the surface and a reactive vinyl group at the core. It has been shown that suitable derivatiza-tion of (8) both at the core and the surface provides reactive blocks that can lead to fascinating dendritic architectures by core-core, core-surface or corecore-surface-core reactions. ... 

The j3,/8,j3-trichloroethoxycarbonyl group has proved useful in the synthesis of optically active 1,2-diacylglycerols (5).1 Thus 1,2-isopropylidene-sn-glycerol (1) is treated with /3,/3,/3-trichloroethyl chloroformate and pyridine in dry chloroform. The isopropylidene group of the product (2) is then cleaved with dilute hydrochloric acid to give sn-glycerol-3-j8,/3,)3-trichloroethylcarbonate (3). This is then acylated with an acyl chloride (pyridine-chloroform) (4) and in the fined step the protective group is cleaved with activated zinc in acetic acid.2... 

To loop the collision energy at a fine step (e.g., 1, 2, or 5eV for a QqQ-type instrument) in a certain range to balance all of the possible fragmentation patterns. 

After cleaning to remove coarse material, ie, cobs, and fines (broken com, dust, etc), the com is steeped in a sulfurous acid solution to soften the com and render the starch granules separable from the protein matrix that envelopes them. About 7% of the kernel s dry substance is leached out during this step, forming protein-rich steep-water, a valuable feed ingredient and fermentation adjunct. 

Polyoxymethylene is obtained as a finely divided soHd. The bulk density of the product, which is very important for ease of handling in subsequent manufacturing steps, is influenced by many reaction variables, including solvent type, polymerisation temperature, and agitation. 

Steps. A pressure-swing cycle has at least three steps adsorption, blowdown, and repressurization. Although not always necessary, a purge step is normally used. In finely tuned processes, cocurrent depressurization and pressure-equalization steps are frequendy added. 

The beater additive process starts with a very dilute aqueous slurry of fibrous nitrocellulose, kraft process woodpulp, and a stabilizer such as diphenylamine in a felting tank. A solution of resin such as poly(vinyl acetate) is added to the slurry of these components. The next step, felting, involves use of a fine metal screen in the shape of the inner dimensions of the final molded part. The screen is lowered into the slurry. A vacuum is appHed which causes the fibrous materials to be deposited on the form. The form is pulled out after a required thickness of felt is deposited, and the wet, low density felt removed from the form. The felt is then molded in a matched metal mold by the appHcation of heat and pressure which serves to remove moisture, set the resin, and press the fibers into near final shape (180—182). 

Mechanical Properties. Polyester fibers are formed by melt spinning generally followed by hot drawing and heat setting to the final fiber form. The molecular orientation and crystalline fine stmcture developed depend on key process parameters in all fiber formation steps and are critical to the end use appHcation of the fibers. 

Fine adjusting and optimization of each step of this process is stiU underway, and a PVA fiber having a single fiber strength as high as 2 N/tex (21 gf/dtex), which is close to that of aramid fiber, has been reported (18). 

Fine chemicals are produced by a wide spectmm of manufacturers, largely because the distinction between different kinds of chemicals is not sharp. There are specialty producers of fine chemicals. Many companies that manufacture dmgs also manufacture the chemical substances that are used in preparing the dosage forms. A number of companies manufacture dmg chemicals and food chemicals. Some fine chemicals are made by manufacturers of heavy chemicals, and either may be simply a segment of their regular production, or some of that production which has been subjected to additional purification steps. Many fine chemicals are imported into the United States from countries such as Japan, Germany, and the Netherlands. 

---