Filtrol

Harshaw/Filtrol McGean-Rohco Noranda (Canada)... 

Forms azeotropic mixts with butyl ale, acetic acid, heptane, toluene, nitroethane, perchioro-ethylene, w, etc. Prepn is by reacting propyl ale with coned nitric acid (d 1.41g/cc) dissolved in ethylacetate at 20°, followed by distn of the product. NPN can also be preod bv reacting a continuous stream of propyl ale below the surface of stirred mixed acid (20% nitric acid, 68% sulfuric acid and 12% w by wt) in a cooled (0—5°) open stainless steel vessel. Addnl mixed acid is also simultaneously introduced at about a third of the depth of the liq. An overflow pipe maintains a constant reactant level and the effluent prod is sepd, washed with 10% aq Na carbonate soln and dried by passage thru a Filtrol packed tower. Contact time of reactants can vary from 0.6 to 15 mins using about 50% isopropanol at 0° to yield 66.5% NPN (Ref 3b)... 

Figure 1. Spectra of NO adsorbed on 2% Co/alumina. Supports were as follows A. Aero 1000. B. Filtrol 90. Spectra upper (dashed), background lower (solid) after addition of NO middle (dot-dash), after 5 min. evacuation.

Figure 6 shows spectra of NO adsorbed on a similar series of catalysts having the same concentrations of metals on Filtrol 90 alumina which, as discussed, sulfides the catalyst during subsequent reduction. The effect of sulfide, as on Mo/alumlna catalysts (8,10) and as later seen on CoMo catalysts after more-usual sulfiding, was mainly a marked reduction In the Intensities of the NO bands. These were roughly a fourth as Intense as those on unsulflded catalysts on... 

Figure 9. Spectra of CO adsorbed on Co+ 8% Mo/A1.0 catalysts supported on (A.) Aero 1000 alumina and (6.) Filtrol 90 alumina. Co concentrations as indicated on spectra.

Fio. 7. Comparison of intrinsic combustion rate constant on various noncatalyzing oxide bases (0) Filtrol 110 ( ) silica-magnesia (O) Fuller s earth. The dashed line denotes standard noncatalyzed kinetics. 

Of course, there were catalysts on the market in 1977-78 that were being targeted for processing heavier stocks, with higher levels of metals. Catalyst manufacturers such as Davison and Filtrol had already been working along these lines. 

The test at M. W. Kellogg s and the test in the ARCO pilot nnit were done with different feeds, with different catalysts and in different pilot nnits, so it was not expected that the yields should be identical. The feed to the M. W. Kellogg s pilot unit was a synthetic Statfjord atmospheric residne and the catalyst used was a Filtrol 900 catalyst containing nickel and vanadinm contaminants [1]. This pilot unit was also pressurized. In the ARCO pilot unit at Chalmers the feed was a laboratory distilled Statfjord atmospheric residue and the catalyst was an almost metal-free EKZ eqnilibrinm catalyst from Katalistiks. The ARCO nnit is working at atmospheric pressnre. 

Harshaw/Filtrol Filtrol 107 Resid Klover leaf 38-39 Alumina P ... 

Hydrazine hydrate Methyl D-pantothenate Super-filtrol... 

R. Grace, Engelhard, American Cyanamid, Criterion, Arco, United Catalyst, Ashland, Filtrol, Gulf, Air Products, and Amoco. 

Bittles et al. ° carried out a detailed kinetic and mechanistic study of the polymerisation of styrene by commercial catalytic-cracking acid clays (Filtrol). Thisheter-c eneous process gave low DP s and displayed all the typical features of a cationic (or pseudocationic) polymerisation. 

B. W. Lew, M. L. Wolfrom and R. M. Goepp, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 68, 1449 (1946). A suitable fuller s earth clay was Florex XXX it was produced by the Flori-din Co., Warren, Pa. Other selective clays were Floridin XXX (Floridin Co., Warren, Pa.), Types A and AA Attapulgus Clays (Attapulgus Clay Co., Attapulgus, Ga.), Bleaching Clay 260 (Industrial Minerals and Chemical Co., Berkeley, Calif.), and J. Neutrol (Filtrol Corp., Los Angeles, Calif.). 

K. A. Delaney, R. C. Hastert, G. M. Lengen, and C. B. Ungermann, Adsorptive Bleaching of Canola Oil, Filtrol Clay Products, Technical Presentation 556. 

Catalyst-manufacturing methods can be classified into two broad categories. In one, a naturally occurring solid material is treated to alter its physical or chemical properties. The treated solids are sometimes referred to as natural catalysts. These include the Filtrol activated clays and the bauxite Cycloversion catalyst. In the other category of methods, the solid catalyst is produced synthetically by interaction of aqueous solutions of the raw materials. 

Filtrol SR catalyst is apparently made from a different raw clay. Details have not been published. 

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