Filter location

Twin oil coolers (Figure 15-3) should be provided and piped in parallel using a single multiport transflow valve to direct the oil flow to the coolers. The water should be on the tube side and the oil on the shell side. The oil-side pressure should be greater than the water-side pressure. This ratio is no assurance that water will not enter the system in the event of a tube leak, but it does reduce the risk. The oil system should be equipped with twin full-flow oil filters located downstream from the oil coolers. Since the filters are located downstream from the oil coolers, only one multiport transflow valve is required to direct the oil flow to the cooler-filter combinations. Do not pipe the filters and coolers with separate inlet and outlet block valves. 

CIlIss HBl In a Class IlBl cabinet, supply blowers draw room air (plus a portion of the cabinet s recirculated air) through the from grill and then through the supply HEPA filters located immediately below the work surface (Fig. 10,96). This particulate-free air flows upward through a plenum ai each side of the cabinet and then downward to the work area through a back-pressure plate. In some cabinets an additional supply HEPA filter removes particulate generated by the b [Pg.987]

After filter A filter located in the flow stream after another filter to remove any particulate matter that may have passed the upstream unit. 

A portion of the rich amine flows through a particle filter and a carbon bed filter. The particle filters remove dirt, rust, and iron sulfide The carbon filter, located downstream of the particle filters, remo cs residual hydrocarbons from the amine solution. 

After the activation period, the reactor temperature was decreased to 453 K, synthesis gas (H2 CO = 2 1) was introduced to the reactor, and the pressure was increased to 2.03 MPa (20.7 atm). The reactor temperature was increased to 493 K at a rate of 1 K/min, and the space velocity was maintained at 5 SL/h/gcat. The reaction products were continuously removed from the vapor space of the reactor and passed through two traps, a warm trap maintained at 373 K and a cold trap held at 273 K. The uncondensed vapor stream was reduced to atmospheric pressure through a letdown valve. The gas flow was measured using a wet test meter and analyzed by an online GC. The accumulated reactor liquid products were removed every 24 h by passing through a 2 pm sintered metal filter located below the liquid level in the CSTR. The conversions of CO and H2 were obtained by gas chromatography (GC) analysis (micro-GC equipped with thermal conductivity detectors) of the reactor exit gas mixture. The reaction products were collected in three traps maintained at different temperatures a hot trap (200°C), a warm trap (100°C), and a cold trap (0°C). The products were separated into different fractions (rewax, wax, oil, and aqueous) for quantification. However, the oil and wax fractions were mixed prior to GC analysis. 

Filter Location HEPA filters may be installed in a facility either within an air handler or at the inlet to a plenum above the clean room or in the clean room ceiling. High-velocity HEPA filters, that is, filters with a face velocity up to 500ft/min, are frequently installed in air handlers serving Class 100,000 clean rooms and are also used in make-up air handlers. Where hazardous materials may be trapped by the filters a bag-in-bag-out filter arrangement, such as that depicted in Figure 16, may... 

Figure 13.24. Selectivity Filter of the Potassium Channel. Potassium ions interact with the carhonyl groups of the TVGYG sequence of the selectivity filter, located at the 3-A-diameter pore of the potassium channel. 

Conventional airflow (also known as turbulent, or non-unidirectional airflow) incorporates HEPA filters, located in-duct, or as room terminal filtration modules (TPMs Fig. 5). Often confused with LAP, conventional airflow does not meet that definition because it allows multiple-pass circulating characteristics or a non-parallel airflow direction, or both. This type of airflow is incapable of producing first air, and is normally used as secondary or buffer filtration in treating a processing or compounding space that contains laminar airflow devices (LAFDs) to maintain primary critical work surface conditions, or in treating other... 

Fresh catalyst is normally delivered in hopper-bottom railroad cars. The catalyst may be withdrawn by gravity flow from the bottom of the car through a hose to a Fuller-Kinyon screw pump and transferred to the hopper by means of an air stream loss of catalyst is prevented by a cyclone on the air discharge from the hopper. Alternatively, the catalyst may be unloaded from the top of the ear by a vacuum lift. In this case, the suction line passes through a separator with bag filters, located above the storage hoppers. The catalyst collects in a chute and flows down through a rotating barrel-valve feeder into a screw conveyor which transfers the catalyst to the hopper (105). 

Off-gas from the calcination process was passed through sintered-metal filters located in the upper section of the calcination vessel. The process off-gas was then cooled in the offgas condenser where most of the N09 released in the denitration process was recovered as nitric acid and collected in the condensate tank. Uncondensed vapors were passed successively through the de-entrainer, the off-gas preheater, the HEPA filter, and then vented to the off-gas system. 

Catalytic recombiners also require a filter, located after the second flashback arrester, to collect the water formed by the catalyst. 

In the equipment shown in Figure 151, powder entrained in the exhaust gas is collected in a bag filter located just above the fluid bed. Cleaning takes place by shaking or blow-back and the powder particles try to reenter the fluidized zone against the flow of gas. To accomplish this reliably, it is often standard practice to interrupt fluidization temporarily while the filter is cleaned. An... 

Calculations have shown that the arrangement of filters does not render any notable effect on water balance. At the same time, a certain difference in the thermal balance should be mentioned. With filter location at the upper part of the productive area, the quantity of heat removed by the uptake boreholes appears to be 7.6% higher than in that case when filters are arranged in the bottom part of... 

In case of total yield of 11000 M /day, the weighted mean temperature decrease obtained by calculation will amount to 0.69 C with filters located at the top of productive layer. 

Figure 8.17 The schematic layout of a commercial sequential X-ray spectrometer, the MagiX, showing a series of selectable beam filters located between the X-ray tube and the sample. [Courtesy of PANalytical, Inc., The Netherlands (www.panalytical.com).]...

Apart form the 24 filters located directly upstream of the five electrodes wells, seven reference wells have been placed adjacent to, but outside of the zone with the electrode wells. Downstream, 18 monitoring weUs have been installed to follow the dispersion of nutrients and the concentration of VOCs. 

Flash Tank. The flash tanks will be 22 feet in diameter and 40 feet high with conical tops and bottoms. Two such tanks will be provided, one to serve as a standby and for use when the other tank is being backwashed. In Fig. 36 is shown a diagrammatic cross section of a flash tank. Water from the spray header falls into the tank through a 5-foot spray space, and passes through the filter, located 30 feet below the surface of the water in the tank. The time of residence in the flash tank is about 3.3 min. 

The Zone 2A canyon boundary serves as a secondary confinement area that surrounds the SCBs (Zone 1). This secondary confinement volume is exhausted by a separate ventilation system. The Zone 2A ventilation system also draws on Room 109 so that any potential contamination from waste is appropriately controlled. When both moveable shield walls are in the up position, a negative pressure differential will exist between Room 109 and the Zone 2A canyon. When either of these shield doors are lowered, this pressure differential will approach zero. However, the airflow through Room 109 into the Zone 2A canyon, which acts to mitigate the undesired migration of contamination, will be maintained. All exhaust from Zone 2A is filtered through a HEPA filter located in the Zone 2A canyon and a charcoal filter located in the MER prior to being combined with the Zone 1 exhaust flow in the MER. 

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