Filter Filtrate

In some breweries it is of extreme importance that the beer be absolutely sterile, and therefore it is necessary to use a sheet filter filtration in addition to the primary filtration. 

Belfort, Georges "Evaluation of a Rapid Sand Filter", Filtration Experiment, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1990. 

Filter-papier, n. filter paper, -plattchen, n. (small) filter plate, -platte, /. filter plate, -presse, /. filter press, -pressentuch, m. filterpress cloth, -rand, m. edge of a filter, -rohr, n., -rShre, /. filter tube or pipe, screen pipe, -riickstand, -rest, m. residue on the filter, filtration residue, -schablone, /. form for cutting filters, -schale,/. filter(ing) dish, -schicht,/. filter bed filter layer, -scblauch,... 

Bates et al. [35] collected suspended particulate matter from river water and wastewater effluents using high speed continuous flow centrifugation, and analysed the isolated solids for hydrocarbons. The results were compared with those obtained on samples obtained by glass filter filtration. It was concluded that the use of a continuance flow centrifuge allows the concentration of organic associated with suspended particulate matter to be estimated more accurately. 

In the leaf filter, filtration is at constant pressure from the start. 

In one acid digestion process, monazite sand is heated with 93% sulfuric acid at 210°C. The solution is diluted with water and filtered. Filtrate containing thorium and rare earths is treated with ammonia and pH is adjusted to 1.0. Thorium is precipitated as sulfate and phosphate along with a small fraction of rare earths. The precipitate is washed and dissolved in nitric acid. The solution is treated with sodium oxalate. Thorium and rare earths are precipitated from this nitric acid solution as oxalates. The oxalates are filtered, washed, and calcined to form oxides. The oxides are redissolved in nitric acid and the acid solution is extracted with aqueous tributyl phosphate. Thorium and cerium (IV) separate into the organic phase from which cerium (IV) is reduced to metalhc cerium and removed by filtration. Thorium then is recovered from solution. 

The casein micelles are retained by fine-pore filters. Filtration through large-pore ceramic membranes is used to purify and concentrate casein on a laboratory scale. Ultrafiltration (UF) membranes retain both the caseins... 

If all the leaf material has not settled to the bottom of the container you will have to filter. Filtration is possible using cheese cloth for preliminary filtration followed by filtering through a coffee filter. If you left the container sit long enough you can skip the filtration step as all the leaf material will have sedimented out. If it has just decant the alcohol which was now greenish black in color. 

Filter flow rate was compared between 42-mm diameter, 0.45-/zm Selas Ag filters and 0.86-cm X 5.78-cm, 0.3-/zm Balston glass-fiber filter tubes, grade AA. Samples were pumped at a constant pressure of 30 psi of N2 gas through each filter filtrate was collected as a function of time. 

AFTER A FEW MINUTES, ADD 30 ml WATER. FILTER. FILTRATE CONTAINS MANGANESE SULFATE [MnSO ) AND SODIUM SULFATE. 

Two water samples obtained at 5.7 m were filtered through membrane filters. Filtration through either 0.45- or 0.2- xm filters completely inhibited H202 decay over a 24-h period. At every sampling point along the transect an unfiltered and filtered (0.22- xm filter) sample was obtained. At all five locations the sample that had been passed through a 0.22- xm filter showed no loss of H202 over a 24-h period. 

Burkhardt, M.R., R.W. Brenton, J.A. Kammer, V.K. Jha, P.G. O Mara-Lopez, and M.T. Woodworth. 1999. Improved method for the determination of non-purgeable suspended organic carbon in natural water by silver filter filtration, wet chemical oxidation, and infrared spectrometry. Water Resour. Res. 35 329-334. 

In the renewable energy processes, the removal of entrainment from liquid or gas samples is normally done by filtering. Filtration can remove both liquid and particulate entrainment from gases, as well as the particulate matter from liquids. 

Including agitation vessel, filter, filtrate receiver, and transfer lines. 

Tiller, F.M. Characteristics of staged, delayed-cake filters. Filtration Sep. 1978, May/June. 

Theory alone, however, can never be the basis for selection of a filter. Filtration belongs to the physical sciences, and thus conclusions must be based on experimental assay. It is, however, helpful in understanding why a slurry is more suitable for one design of filtration equipment than another. Methods of optimization in the field can also be predicted by having a background in the theory. 

Svarovsky, Ladislav. 1990. Solid-liquid separation. 3rd ed. London, Boston Butterworth Co., 29-30. Tiller, F.M. 1978. Characteristics of staged, delayed-cake filters. Filtration and Separation May/June XXX. Tiller, F.M. 1974. Continuous processes for cake filtration. Chemical Engineering April 29. 

MF is also used to remove microorganisms and particulates from air and other gases used in the pharmaceutical industry. Some specific applications include vent filters filtration of compressed air used in sterilizers, filtration of air or nitrogen used for solution transfers or at filing lines, and filtration of air or nitrogen used in fermentors. 

Before extraction, samples are often filtered. Filtration is usually required for waters containing high levels of suspended solids, especially when extraction is carried out by SPE. 

Table 2.3 shows the contents of Ni, V, Co, Fe, An, Cr, Sb, As and Na in the crude oil C-1 before and after centrifuging and filtering. Filtration of the oil produced a very fine black deposit on the filter, but analysis of the filter showed only background values of the trace elements measured. Also included in Table 2.3 are results of filtration and centrifugation of another California Tertiary oil (C-2) and Boscan crude oil of Venezuela. The table indicates that the oil C-1 shows no sifnificant differences in trace element content between the treated and untreated oil. The relative standard deviations of the results in Table 2.3 are approximately 5-10%. The oil C-2, however, shows significant decreases in As and Na, and the Boscan oil has lower values of Hg, Fe, As and Na in the filtered oil. 

---