Field-driven systems

Discrimination of Ions Based on Diffusion Speed AND Its Reduction in Field-Driven Systems... 

Supports the organization, entry, and analysis of plant data and field measurements of fugitive emissions. A menu-driven system. 

Such a system was independently realized a few years later in a completely different field driven quantum flux qubits [38]. Here, a superconducting loop can support a quantum unit of current in either direction around the loop. In an external dc magnetic field, the degeneracy of the two directions is lifted,... 

Dynamical chaos in periodically driven systems has become attractive topic in many areas of contemporary physics such as atomic, molecular, nuclear and particle physics. Dynamical systems which can exhibit chaotic dynamics can be divided into two classes time independent and time-dependent systems. Billiards, atoms in a constant magnetic field, celestial systems with chaotic dynamics are time independent systems, whose dynamics can be chaotic. 

The use of ELISA is broad and it finds applications in many biological laboratories over the last 30 years many tests have been developed and vahdated in different domains such as clinical diagnostics, pharmaceutical research, industrial control or food and feed analytics for instance. Our work has been to redesign the standard ELISA test to fit in a microfluidic system with disposable electrochemical chips. Many applications are foreseen since the biochemical reagents are directly amenable from a conventional microtitre plate to our microfluidic system. For instance, in the last 5 years, we have reported previous works with this concept of microchannel ELISA for the detection of thromboembolic event marker (D-Dimer) [4], hormones (TSH) [18], or vitamin (folic acid) [24], It is expected that similar technical developments in the future may broaden the use of electroanalytical chemistry in the field of clinical tests as has been the case for glucose monitoring. This work also contributes to the novel analytical trend to reduce the volume and time consumption in analytical labs using lab-on-a-chip devices. Not only can an electrophoretic-driven system benefit from the miniaturisation but also affinity assays and in particularly immunoassays with electrochemical detection. 

One point which has not been addressed in the example of the time-independent harmonic oscillator is the non-perturbative treatment of the time dependence in the system Hamiltonians. Both the TL and the TNL non-Markovian theories employ auxiliary operators or density matrices, respectively, and can be applied in strongly driven systems [29,32]. This point will be shown to be very important in the examples for the molecular wires under the influence of strong laser fields. 

Lin, Y.-C., Wu, C.-Y., Design of moving electric field driven capillary electrophoresis chips. Micro Total Analysis Systems, Proceedings 5th iTAS Symposium, Monterey, CA, Oct. 21-25, 2001, 553-554. 

We only want to present some results for the externally driven system. We confine ourselves to a harmonic electric field, F(t)... 

There are three main reasons for presenting the SSE system in this book, (i) Due to its low dimensionality it is a fundamental system. It is described with the help of analytical tools that are widely used in the analysis of Rydberg atoms in strong radiation fields, (ii) The classical version of the SSE system is chaotic, (iii) Surface state electrons possess an ionization continuum, an important feature in all of atomic physics. Since the SSE system is both simple and physical, it is a natmral candidate for research in classically chaotic driven systems that allow ionization to take place. 

Hopefully, we have hinted that there are interesting nonequilibrium systems that can be explored using homogeneous, field-driven simulations. Because these approaches are often extensions of equilibrium methods, it is natural to first present the equilibrium foundation, as is done in the next section. From there, we will be able to develop the theoretical basis for NEMD simulations and practical guidelines for implementing them. Once the tools are in place, we will discuss applications and the kinds of question that can be tackled by NEMD methods. 

In the absence of shearing periodic boundary conditions (of the type introduced earlier) the system is totally isolated that is, all the degrees of freedom of the system are explicitly accounted for in the equations of motion. In this case, it is possible to obtain a conserved quantity for field-driven dynamics in general and SLLOD in particular. The approach we employ is similar to that introduced in the section on Molecular Dynamics and Equilibrium Statistical Mechanics. The SLLOD equations of motion are... 

The discussion, presented in Section IV, has been concentrated on analysis of the effect of quantum interference on spontaneous emission in a V-type three-level atom. With the specific examples we have demonstrated that spontaneous emission can be controlled and even suppressed by quantum interference. In this section, we extend the analysis to the case of coherently driven systems. We will present simple models for quantum interference in which atomic systems are composed of two coupled dipole subsystems. In particular, we consider interference effects in coherently driven V and A-type three-level atoms. Each of the three systems is represented by two dipole moments, p, and p2, interacting through the vacuum field. 

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