Fibrinogen Amino acid sequence

Conformational change in GPIIb/IIIa receptor allows binding to fibrinogen through RGD and KQAGDV amino acid sequences Platelets aggregate... 

The entire amino acid sequence of all polypeptide chains of human fibrinogen has been determined by the methods of protein chemistry and later deduced from the nucleotide sequences of the cDNA coding for the polypeptide chains (Doolittle, 1984 Henschen and McDonagh, 1986). There are 610, 461, and 411 amino acids in each of the common forms of the human Act, Wft, and 7 chains, respectively. The amino acid sequences of the three chains are homologous, but important differences exist, giving rise to specific functions for certain molecular domains. 

Differential scanning microcalorimetry has been used together with limited proteolysis to identify cooperative domains in fibrinogen. It was found that each terminal part of the fibrinogen molecule is made up of six cooperative domains, with three domains formed by the C-terminal part of the /3-chain and three other domains formed by the C-terminal part of the 7-chain (Medved, 1990 Medved et at, 1986, 1997 Privalov and Medved, 1982). The amino acid sequence of the oC domains suggested that each is made up of a globular and an extended portion. Microcalorimetry... 

Parry, D. A. D. (1978). Fibrinogen A preliminary analysis of the amino acid sequences of the portions of the alpha, beta and gamma-chains postulated to form the interdomainal link between globular regions of the molecule. J. Mol. Biol. 120, 545-551. 

Wolfenstein, T. C., and Mosesson, M. W. (1981). Carboxy-terminal amino acid sequence of a human fibrinogen gamma-chain variant (gamma ). Biochem. 20, 6146-6149. 

Jolles (20) has presented an intriguing discussion of the similarities between the clotting of casein and fibrin including amino acid sequence similarities between the key proteins, -casein and fibrinogen. 

Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid is the N-terminal amino acid residue of the /3-chain of fibrinogen from several species (229,230,242). The amino acid sequence containing pyrrolidone carboxylic acid (Glu) is (243) ... 

The amino acid sequences of the Aa (610 residues), BP (461 residues), and y (411 residues) chains of human fibrinogen are given in Table 7.1. ° Having the amino acid sequences directly available will be helpful in discussing the peptide cleavages and the interchain interactions relevant to fibrin formation. 

Table 7-2. Amino acid sequence of human fibrinogen...

Haschemeyer, R., Cynkin, M., Han, L., Trindle, M. Isolation and amino acid sequences of glycoproteins obtained from bovine fibrinogen. Biochemistry 5, 3443-3448 (1966)... 

Adapted from Albelda, S.M. and Buck, C.A., FASEB J. 4, 2868, 1990. With permission and Hynes, R.O. and Lander, A.D., Cell 68, 303, 1992. With permission. LM laminin, COL collagens, FN fibronectin, VN vitronectin, FB fibrinogen, VWF von Willebrand Factor, TSP thrombospondin, C3bi breakdown product of third component of complement, FN-alt alternatively spliced fibronectin. DGEA, RGD, REDV, PHSRN, and GPRP are amino acid sequences. 

In a convergent sequence amidine (34-1) is allowed to react with succinic anhydride to afford the amide (34-2). The resulting acid is then condensed with the amino acid (33-7). The fibrinogen xemilofiban (34-3) is thus obtained [37]. 

Fibrin polymerization is initiated by the enzymatic cleavage of the fibrinopeptides, converting fibrinogen to fibrin monomer (Fig. 1). Then, several nonenzymatic reactions yield an orderly sequence of macromolec-ular assembly steps. Several other plasma proteins bind specifically to the resulting fibrin network. The clot is stabilized by covalent ligation or crosslinking of specific amino acids by a transglutaminase, Factor XHIa. 

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