Fibers graft polymerization onto

Bell, 1989 Rhee and Bell, 1991), random copolymers of methyl acrylate and acrylonitrile were directly polymerized onto the carbon fiber surface. Dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide and distilled water proved to be useful as solvents for this process. Polymerization can take place on the carbon fiber electrode, with initial wetting of the fiber surface leading to better adhesion of the polymer formed. The structure and properties of the polymer can be varied by employing different vinyl and cyclic monomers in homopolymerization. Chemical bond can also be formed, such as polymer grafting to the carbon fiber surface. 

The anionic graft polymerization of vinyl monomers onto carbon fiber or graphite powder initiated by metalized carbon fiber has been investigated. The metalation of polycondensed aromatic rings of a carbon fiber surface was achieved by treatment of the carbon fiber with BuLi in Ar,Ar,Ar, AT -tetramethylethylenediamine. The anionic polymerization of methylmethacrylate and styrene was reported. No grafting was observed when carbon fiber was treated simply with BuLi in THF or toluene [44,45]. 

Polymers of MMA, AAc, and MAA were grafted onto an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber surface after pretreatment with electron beam irradiation [31]. Sundell et al. [32] pretreated a PE film with electron beams to facilitate the graft polymerization of vinyl benzylchloride onto the substrate. The inner surface of porous PE hollow fiber had also been modified by grafting of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) polymer after electron beam irradiation [33]. 

Arthur, J.C., Jr., Free-radical initiated graft polymerization of vinyl monomers onto cellulose, in Graft Copolymerization of Lignocellulosic Fibers, Hon, D.N.-S., Ed., ACS Symposium Series, No. 187, American Chemical Society, Washington D.C., 1982, p. 21. 

Graft polymerization of 2-methyl-5-vinyltetrazole onto cellulose fiber decreased the temperature for initial oxidative thermal degradation and increased the activation energy of degradation compared with that for the initial cellulose... 

A DEA group was appended onto a polyethylene porous hollow-fiber membrane with a density of 2.2 mmol per gram of the resultant DEA-EA fiber. The inner and outer diameters of the hollow fiber were 2.4 and 4.4 mm, respectively. The liquid permeability, i.e., the permeation rate per unit of inside surface area, of the DEAEA fiber for the buffer was maintained at 50% of that of the original hollow fiber. Volume swelling of the porous hollow fiber accompanied by graft polymerization prevented the graft chains from filling the pores. 

K Uezu, K. Saito, T. Sugo and S. Aramaki, Reactor of Vapor-Phase Graft Polymerization of Reactive Monomer onto Porous Hollow Fiber, AIChE J.,... 

K. Fujiki, M. Sakamoto, A. Yoshida, and H. Maruyama. Radical grafting from glass fiber surface Graft polymerization of vinyl monomers initiated by azo groups introduced onto the surface. J. Polym. ScL, Part A Polym. Chem., 37(13) 2121-2128, July 1999. 

Research to develop jute and kenaf fiber thermoplastic alloys is based on first thermoplasti-cizing the fiber matrix as described above, followed by grafting of the modified fiber with a reactive thermoplastic. This type of composite has the thermoplastic bonded onto the jute or kenaf so there is only one continuous phase in the molecule. This is done in one of two ways. In one case, the matrix is reacted with maleic anhydride that results in a double bond in the grafted reacted molecule. This can then be used in vinyl-type additions or in free radical polymerization to either build a thermoplastic polymer or graft one onto the jute or kenaf backbone. In the second method, the matrix is reacted with a bonded chemical and then reacted with a low-molecular-weight thermoplastic that has been grafted with side-chain anhydride groups. 

T.J. Madera-Santana, and F. Vazquez Moreno, Graft polymerization of methyl methacrylate onto short leather fibers. Polym. Bull. 42, 329-336 (1999). 

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