Fetal complications, with hypothyroidism

Notes-. Percentages listed come from the studies shown as references. Only fetal complications with increased prevalence have been included. Complications are more frequently observed in OH than in SCH. ICU, intensive care unit OH, overt hypothyroidism SCH, subclinical hypothyroidism. 

Tabie 113.3 Fetal complications associated with hypothyroidism during pregnancy... 

Gestational hypothyroidism has been associated with severe complications, such as hypertension, preterm birth, low birth weight, placental abruption and fetal death by Leung et al, (1993) and Allan et al. (2000). Many studies in children of hypothyroid pregnant women including Mans group (1976, 1991), and many later ones (Liu et al, 1994 Smit et al, 2000 Klein et al, 2001 Mitchell and Klein, 2004), have demonstrated the importance of maternal thyroid function on the neurodevelopmental evolution of the child. 

Women in iodine-deficient areas face increased demands for iodine during both pregnancy and lactation, which results in exaggerated iodine loss over years and consequently causes goiter. Most often, goiter continues after pregnancies cease, and in later years it may become multinodular. Iodine deficiency may also make the mother hypothyroid, with associated complications of anovulation, infertility, gestational hypertension, increased first-trimester abortion, abnormal fetal positions and still births. Further, hypothyroidism, infertility and fetal loss... 

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