Cause-Consequence

Cause-Consequence A procedure using diagrams to illustrate the causes and consequences of a particular scenario. They are not widely used because, even for simple systems, displaying 1 causes and outcomes leads to very complex diagrams. 

Quide W rd Devi- atioH Cause Consequence Safety Level Scen- ario Action... 

Cause-consequence risk evaluation combines event tree and fault tree analysis to relate specific accident consequences to causes. Tlie process of cause-consequence evaluation usually proceeds as follows ... 

As its ntune implies, cause-consequence analysis allows one to see how the possible causes of an accident and tire possible consequences tliat result from that event interact witli each other. 

This cliapter serves to introduce tlie general subject of hazard risk assessment and analysis, including cause-consequence risk evaluation. The cause-consequence aspect of this topic is perliaps tlie key to understanding hazard risk. As such, it is treated in a separate section later in diis cliapter. 

Section 18.2 Risk Cliaracterization Section 18.3 Cause-Consequence Analysis Section 18.4 Qualitative Hazard Risk Analysis Section 18.5 Quantitative Hazard Risk Analysis Section 18.6 Uncertainties/Limihitions Section 18.7 Public Perception of Risk Section 18.8 Risk Communication... 

Cause-consequence analysis serves to characterize the physical effects resulting from a specific incident and tlie impact of these physical effects on people, tlie environment, and property (causes are discussed tluoughout Cliapter 16). Some consequence models or equations (see Chapter 17) used to estimate the potential for dniiuige or injury fall into several categories. ... 

In a more quantitative sense, cause-consequence analysis may be viewed as a blend of fault tree end event tree analysis (discussed in tlie two preceding cliapters) for evaluating potential accidents. A major strengtli of cause-consequence analysis is its use as a communication tool. For example, a cause-consequence diagram displays the interrelationships between tlie accident outcomes (consequences) and Uieir basic causes. The method can be used to quantify the expected frequency of occurrence of the consequences if the appropriate chita are available. 

Hynes HBN (1969) The enrichment of streams. Eutrophication causes, consequences, correctives. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC, USA, pp 188-196... 

Benzie IFF Lipid peroxidation a review of causes, consequences, measurement and dietary influences. Int J Food Sci Nutr... 

Logic Diagram Methods (Fault Tree Analysis, Event Tree Analysis, Cause-Consequence Analysis, Human Reliability Analysis, Success and Failure Trees, etc,)... 

Harris, M.L., Schiller, H.J., Reilly, P.M., Donowitz, M., Grisham, M.B. and Bulkley, G.B. (1992). Free radicals and other reactive oxygen metabolites in inflammatory bowel disease cause, consequence or epiphenomenon Pharmac. Ther. 53, 375-408. 

Guide word Deviation Cause Consequences and action... 

BoonAG. 1992. Septicity in sewers Causes, consequences and containment. Water and Environmental Management 6 79-90. 

Lindqvist O., Johansson K., Aastrup M., Andersson A., Bringmark L., Hovsenius G., Hakanson L., Iverfeldt A., Meili M., Timm B. Mercy in the Swedish environment-recent research on causes, consequences and corrective methods. Water Air Soil Pollut 1991 55 1-251. 

These extended dislocations cannot move concertedly, so kinks must form on the partials and these do the moving, causing consequent movement of the... 

Lotito SB and Frei B. 2006. Consumption of flavonoid-rich foods and increased plasma antioxidant capacity in humans cause, consequence, or epiphenomenon Free Radic Biol Med 41(12) 1727—1746. 

Lindqvist, O., K. Johansson, M. Aastrup, A. Andersson, L. Bringmark, G. Hovsenius, L. Hakanson, A. Iverfeldt, M. Meili, and B. Timm. 1991. Mercury in the Swedish environment — recent research on causes, consequences and corrective methods. Water Air Soil Pollut. 55 1-261. 

GUIDE WORD DEVIATION CAUSE CONSEQUENCE SAFETY LEVELS SCE- NARIO COMMENTS/ ACTIONS... 

Three hazard evaluation procedures using logic diagrams are (1) fault-tree analysis (FTA), (2) event-tree analysis (ETA), and (3) cause-consequence analysis (CCA). Appropriate references are [2,3,251,261]. 

Some people may be emotionally vulnerable and may use drugs to control the experience of emotions, but using often causes consequences that can lead to increased emotional vulnerability. 

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