Feather extraction

Birch leaf extract Birch reduction Birch-type reactions Bird feathers Bird repellents Bireactive dyes Birkeland-Eyde process Birnessite [1244-32-5] b-Bisabolene [495-61-4]... 

Feather, A. Bouwer, W. Swarts, A. Nagel, V. Pilot-plant solvent extraction of cobalt and nickel for Avmin s Nkomati project. International Solvent Extraction Conference, Cape Town, South Africa, Mar. 17-21, 2002, 946-951. 

Feather, A. M. Cole, P. M. The separation of cobalt from nickel ammonium sulfate solution by solvent extraction. Value Adding through Solvent Extraction, [Papers presented at ISEC 96], Melbourne, Mar. 19-23, 1996, 1, 511-516. 

Fig. 2.29. Representative HPLC chromatogram of yellow feathers from an adult male common yel-lowthroat. All-frans-lutein was found in these feathers, plus cis isomers that were formed during the thermochemical extraction process. Chromatograms for the other two yellow-coloured bird species studied here were identical to this one. Reprinted with permission from K. J. McGraw et al. [68],...

The natural compound is extracted essentially from chicken feathers. 

In a typical hemicellulose isolation process, finely ground plant material (200 g) is treated with 5-10% sodium hydroxide in oxygen-free water at 25°C for 18-24 h (Whistler and Feather, 1965). The water-insoluble fraction, containing two subfractions differentiated by density, is extractable with higher rather than lower NaOH concentrations progressively higher concentrations of alkali extract progressively more of the dense saccharides. 

Whistler, R. L., and Feather, M. S. (1965). Hemicellulose extraction from annual plants with alkaline solutions. Methods in Carbohydrate Chemistry, Vol. V, pp. 144-145. Academic Press, New York. 

Ambient temperatures are not always sufficient for successful extraction of DNA from hair shafts. In the case of plucked human hairs left in envelopes in a desk drawer for over 1 year, the rate of successful mtDNA amplification was low (< 10%) compared to recently plucked hairs prepared and amplified using the same protocols. We therefore recommend that, once hairs and feathers are taken, they should be frozen at—70° until extracted for nucleic acids. 

The old commercial method of preparing the salt lay in heating nitrogenous material, such as horn, wool, feathers, blood, etc., with potash and iron turnings. The mass was ultimately heated to fusion to complete the reaction, cooled, and extracted with boiling water. The solution contained potassium ferrocyanide, thiocyanate, carbonate, and sulphide. The first-named was crystallised out, but the yield was seldom more than 20 per cent, of the quantity theoretically obtainable from the nitrogen content of the organic material consumed. 

The girl was a genius of Newtonian proportions. We extracted a guinea from my petticoat, summoned the feathered woman, and told her to go with Annie and fetch the best midwife she could find. 

Keratin derivatives can be extracted from feathers more easily than from wool. Heating in bisulfitc-dodecylbcnzene sodium sulfonate, for example. 

Fig. 7. Electrophoresis diagram of SCM derivatives of proteins extracted from feather (a) rachis, (b) calamus, (c) barbs, and (d) medulla (Harrap and Woods, 1964a).

Fig. 16. Electron micrographs (upper) of a cross section of feather rachis (Filshie and Rogers, 1962) (lower) of fibrils obtained by reconstituting extracted feather proteins (Filshie et al., 1964).

Extruders are also used for extrusion of secondary resources (coproducts rendering). Poultry mortalities, eggshells, feathers, shrimp heads, and various other meat and fisheries coproducts have been mixed with solvent-extracted soybean meal and extruded at sterilization temperatures for use as animal feeds. Significant amounts of fats can be recycled in this manner, while fresh and near the site of production (92). 

The dried and weighed sample is put into an extraction thimble which is then placed in the Soxhlet extractor, from which the solvent-soluble ingredients are extracted from the down and feathers through at least 20 siphonings. 

EN 1164 1998 E, Feather and down -Test methods -Determination of the turbidity of an aqueous extract . CEN Brussels, 1998. 

Trichochromes E and F are based on the 2H-1,4-benzothiazine ring, while trichochromes B and C are mixed systems, with both 1,4-benzothiazine and l,4-benzothiazin-3-one fragments. These may be extracted from red hair and feathers under alkaline conditions.31,32 Apparently33 only trichochromes B and C occur in red feathers, and trichochromes E and F, reportedly isolated from this source, arise as artifacts. The chromophore in the trichochrome... 

In order to ascertain whether or not copper is present in an ore miners will drop a little nitric acid on the mass and, after a while, dip a feather into the acid and draw it over the polished blade of a knife. The presence or absence of copper is immediately indicated. Many modern wet processes for the recovery or extraction of opper from waste products or ores are based on this principle. 

The method of residuals is a commonly employed technique for resolving a curve into various exponential terms. This method is also known as feathering or curve stripping (see p.l02). The curve from the observed data and that for the extrapolated line are depicted in Fig. 13.11. Table 13.2 gives the headings for the data that can be extracted from the figure. 

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