FE-TEM

Figure 3.4 High-resolution FE-SEM and FE-TEM photographs of as-prepared and nanotunneled mesoporousthick H-CNFs (burn-off 32%).

The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were obtained by Philips X pert Pro X-ray diffractometer equipped with a Cu-K source at 40 kV and 40 mA. The crystalline sizes of R particles were calculated from Scherrer s equation [15]. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images were obtained using the G2 FE-TEM Tecnai microscope at an accelerating voltage of 200 kV. The content of platinum and carbon in the sample was determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES, RF source Jobin Yvon 2301, 40.68 MHz). 

Here, B p and B, s, are the FWHM of experiment and the FWHM of instrument, respectively. The Scherrer constant K equals 0.94, is the X-ray wavelength, 6 is the diffraction angle, D is the average crystallite size and e is the lattice strain. The BET specific surface area measurement was performed using a standard nitrogen adsorption-desorption technique (Micromeritics ASAP2020). The TEM images of ACZ and CZ samples were observed by Hitachi HF-2000(FE TEM). 

Figure 2.13 TEM and FE-TEM images of Au-CNFs with various graphiti-zation temperatures at [a and d] 600°C, (b and e) 800°C and [c and f] 1000°C, respectiveiy. Reprinted with permission from Ref. 64. Copyright 2014, Royal Society of Chemistry.

Transport and Adsorption Phenomena in Mesopores, Fig. 3 (a) FE-SEM image of an SBA-16 film synthesized on the top surface of a Si substrate, (b) FE-TEM image of the cross section of the film, and (c) schematic of ionic current measurement. Scale bar in FE-SEM and FE-TEM images is 50 nm... 

Wrapped nanocrystals. Metal crystallites covered with well-developed graphitic layers are found in soot-like material deposited on the outer surface of a cathode slag. Figure 6 shows a TEM picture of an a(bcc)-Fe particle grown in the cathode soot. Generally, iron crystallites in the tv-Fe phase are faceted. The outer shell is uniform in thickness, and it usually con-... 

Fig. 6. TEM picture of an a-Fe panicle grown in the cathode soot the core crystallite is wrapped in graphitic carbon.

Fig. 2. (a) (b) Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of as-grown VGCFs (broken portion) with the PCNT core exposed field emission-type scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) image of (c) as-grown and (d) heat-treated VGCFs (broken portion) at 2800°C with PCNT (white line) exposed [20],... 

High catalytic activity and selectivity of silicalite-l/H-ZSM-5 composites must be caused by the direct pore-to-pore connection between H-ZSM-5 and silicalite-l as revealed by Fe-SEM and TEM [43]. The silicalite-l crystals were epitaxially grown on the surface of the H-ZSM-5 crystals. 

The effect of oxidation pretreatment and oxidative reaction on the graphitic structure of all CNF or CNF based catalysts has been studied by XRD and HRTEM. From the diffraction patterns as shown in Fig. 2(a), it can be observed the subsequent treatment do not affect the integrity of graphite-like structure. TEM examination on the tested K(0.5)-Fe(5)/CNF catalysts as presented in Fig.2(b), also indicates that the graphitic structure of CNF is still intact. The XRD and TEM results are in agreement with TGA profiles of fi-esh and tested catalyst there is no obviously different stability in the carbon dioxide atmosphere (profiles are not shown). Moreover, TEM image as shown in Fig. 2(b) indicates that the iron oxide particle deposited on the surface of carbon nanofibcr are mostly less than less than 10 nm. 

Figure 4. TEM for Au/Fe203 coprecipitate calcined at 673 K in air. Atomic ratio of Au/Fe is 1/19.

Very recently, we have developed one-pot synthesis of FePt nanoparticles larger than 5 nm with controlled composition by the polyol reduction of Pt(acac)2 and Fe(acac)3 in excess ligands without using the conventional solvents [23]. Figure 8 presents the TEM images... 

The parent siliceous materials of the SBA-15 and MLV types were synthesised after typical procedures [2], The carbon replicas were prepared via polymerisation, catalysed by ferric chloride, of pyrrole introduced into the mesopores of matrices [3]. The products were characterised by the nitrogen adsorption, TEM, and thermal analysis (DTG, DTA). The nitrogen content in carbons was determined using elemental analysis, XPS, and EDX, while the Si and Fe contents, with XPS. The replicas of SBA-15 and MLV-0.75 are denoted as CMK-3Nx and OCM-.Nx, respectively, were x refers to the number of g of FeCl3 per 1 g of silica used for preparations. 

Figure 4 shows TEM images of CNT synthesized by using aluminosilicates. The results show that A1 incorporated in mesoporous silica reduces considerably the quantity of amorphous carbon, increasing the catalyst selectivity. The Fe/Al-MCM41 (10) shows the MWCNTs with the highest purity (98%), an average diameter of 40 nm and the lowest quantity of amorphous carbon. 

Figure 4. TEM micrographs of MWCNTs synthesized using Fe/Al-MCM41 with a Si/Al ratio of 80, 30 and 10, respectively...

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