Fatty acid conjugates effects

K. Nuernberg. Effect of Diet on the Deposition of n-3 Fatty Acids, Conjugated Linoleic and C18 l trans Fatty Acid Isomers in Muscle Lipids of German Holstein Bulls./. Agr. Food Chem. 52 6607-6615 (2004). 

Ponnampalam, E.N., Mann, N.J., and Sinclair, A.J., Effect of feeding systems on omega-3 fatty acids, conjugated linoleic acid and trans fatty acids in Australian beef cuts Potential impact on human health, Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr., 15, 21-29, 2006. 

Not only eukaryotic cells but also bacteria have successfully been targeted by PNA anhsense strategies. Thus it has been shown that PNA complementary to ribosomal RNA or mRNA encoding an essential fatty acid biosynthesis protein, effectively kills E. coli. Furthermore, it has been shown that PNA directed to the start codon of the y -lactamase gene re-sensitized otherwise resistant E. coli to the antibiohc ampiciUin [64—66]. Conjugating a simple transporter peptide to the PNA increased the potency significantly, and an even more potent antibacterial PNA... 

Chilliard Y, Ferlay A and Doreau M (2001), Effects of different types of forages, animal fat or marine oils in cow s diet on milk fat secretion and composition, especially conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids , Livestock Production Science, 70, 31-48. 

Glutathione S transferases bind bile acids in vitro but doubt has been cast over whether this happens in vivo as these enzymes were not labelled by fluorescently labelled bile acids in experiments to identify the carrier proteins but may play a role with the raised levels in cholestasis. Liver fatty-acid-binding protein has been shown to bind bile acids by using a displacement assay with fluorescent fatty-acid ligand. This work clearly showed displacement to be directly related to hydrophobicity, such that lithocholate conjugates had the greatest effect. This may indicate a mechanism to minimise toxicity within the hepatocyte. 

Field, CJ. and Schley, P.D., Evidence for potential mechanisms for the effect of conjugated linoleic acid on tumor metabolism and immune function lessons from n-3 fatty acids, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 79, 1190S, 2004. 

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